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| Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC68HC05SR3 MC68HC05SR3D/H REV. 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... TECHNICAL DATA !MOTOROLA HC05 MC68HC05SR3 MC68HC705SR3 TECHNICAL DATA For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com !MOTOROLA Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. GENERAL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTIONS INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MEMORY AND REGISTERS RESETS AND INTERRUPTS TIMER ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET LOW POWER MODES OPERATING MODES ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC705SR3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 A Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 GENERAL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTIONS INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MEMORY AND REGISTERS RESETS AND INTERRUPTS TIMER ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET LOW POWER MODES OPERATING MODES ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC705SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 10 11 12 A TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC68HC05SR3 MC68HC705SR3 High-density Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (HCMOS) Microcontroller Units Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... All Trade Marks recognized. This document contains information on new products. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. All products are sold on Motorola's Terms & Conditions of Supply. In ordering a product covered by this document the Customer agrees to be bound by those Terms & Conditions and nothing contained in this document constitutes or forms part of a contract (with the exception of the contents of this Notice). A copy of Motorola's Terms & Conditions of Supply is available on request. Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals", must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Motorola products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Motorola product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Motorola products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Motorola and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that Motorola was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. Motorola and !are registered trademarks of Motorola, Inc. Motorola, Inc. is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. The Customer should ensure that it has the most up to date version of the document by contacting its local Motorola office. This document supersedes any earlier documentation relating to the products referred to herein. The information contained in this document is current at the date of publication. It may subsequently be updated, revised or withdrawn. (c) MOTOROLA LTD., 1996 TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Conventions Register and bit mnemonics are defined in the paragraphs describing them. An overbar is used to designate an active-low signal, eg: RESET. Unless otherwise stated, blank cells in a register diagram indicate that the bit is either unused or reserved; shaded cells indicate that the bit is not described in the following paragraphs; `u' is used to indicate an undefined state (on reset). TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. CUSTOMER FEEDBACK QUESTIONNAIRE (MC68HC05SR3D/H) Motorola wishes to continue to improve the quality of its documentation. We would welcome your feedback on the publication you have just received. Having used the document, please complete this card (or a photocopy of it, if you prefer). 1. How would you rate the quality of the document? Check one box in each category. Excellent Organization Readability Understandability Accuracy Illustrations Comments: Poor Excellent Tables Table of contents Index Page size/binding Overall impression Poor Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t Not at all t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 2. What is your intended use for this document? If more than one option applies, please rank them (1, 2, 3). Selection of device for new application System design Training purposes Other t Please specify: 3. How well does this manual enable you to perform the task(s) outlined in question 2? Completely Comments: - Cut along this line to remove - tttt 4. How easy is it to find the information you are looking for? Easy Difficult Comments: tttt 5. Is the level of technical detail in the following sections sufficient to allow you to understand how the device functions? Too little detail SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 SECTION 4 SECTION 5 SECTION 6 SECTION 7 SECTION 8 SECTION 9 SECTION 10 SECTION 11 SECTION 12 APPENDIX A GENERAL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTIONS INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MEMORY AND REGISTERS RESETS AND INTERRUPTS TIMER ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET LOW POWER MODES OPERATING MODES ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC705SR3 Too much detail t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t Comments: 6. Have you found any errors? If so, please comment: 7. From your point of view, is anything missing from the document? If so, please say what: TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8. How could we improve this document? 9. How would you rate Motorola's documentation? Excellent - In general - Against other semiconductor suppliers Poor tt tt 3-5 years tt tt t More than 5 years 10. Which semiconductor manufacturer provides the best technical documentation? 11. Which company (in any field) provides the best technical documentation? 12. How many years have you worked with microprocessors? Less than 1 year Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... t 1-3 years t t - Second fold back along this line - By air mail Par avion - Cut along this line to remove - - First fold back along this line - FIX STAMP HERE Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd., 13/F, Prosperity Centre, 77-81 Container Port Road, Kwai Chung, N.T., HONG KONG. F.A.O. HKG CSIC Technical Publications (re: MC68HC05SR3D/H) FAX: (852) 2485-0548 !MOTOROLA Semiconductor Products Sector Asia Pacific Group - Third fold back along this line - 13. Currently there is some discussion in the semiconductor industry regarding a move towards providing data sheets in electronic form. If you have any opinion on this subject, please comment. 14. We would be grateful if you would supply the following information (at your discretion), or attach your card. Name: Position: Department: Company: Address: Phone No: FAX No: Thank you for helping us improve our documentation, HKG CSIC Technical Publications , Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd., Hong Kong. TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: tuck this edge into opposite flap - - Finally, www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraph Number TITLE Page Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1.1 1.2 Features.................................................................................................................1-1 Mask Options.........................................................................................................1-2 2 PIN DESCRIPTIONS 2.1 Functional Pin Descriptions ...................................................................................2-1 2.2 OSC1 and OSC2 Connections ..............................................................................2-2 2.2.1 Crystal Oscillator..............................................................................................2-3 2.2.2 External Clock..................................................................................................2-3 2.2.3 RC Oscillator Option ........................................................................................2-4 2.3 Pin Assignments ....................................................................................................2-5 3 INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS 3.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6.1 Parallel Ports..........................................................................................................3-1 Port Data Registers..........................................................................................3-1 Port Data Direction Registers ..........................................................................3-2 Port A -- Keyboard Interrupts (KBI) ......................................................................3-2 PD0:PD5 -- ADC Inputs........................................................................................3-2 PD6 -- IRQ2..........................................................................................................3-3 Programmable Current Drive .................................................................................3-3 Programmable Pull-Up Devices.............................................................................3-5 Port Option Register ........................................................................................3-5 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA i Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Paragraph Number Page Number TITLE 4 MEMORY AND REGISTERS 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 I/O Registers .........................................................................................................4-1 RAM ......................................................................................................................4-1 ROM ......................................................................................................................4-1 Memory Map .........................................................................................................4-2 I/O Registers Summary .........................................................................................4-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 RESETS AND INTERRUPTS 5.1 RESETS ................................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Power-On Reset (POR) ...................................................................................5-1 5.1.2 RESET Pin.......................................................................................................5-1 5.1.3 Low Voltage Reset (LVR) .................................................................................5-2 5.2 INTERRUPTS........................................................................................................5-2 5.2.1 Non-maskable Software Interrupt (SWI) ..........................................................5-3 5.2.2 Maskable Hardware Interrupts.........................................................................5-5 5.2.2.1 External Interrupt (IRQ)..............................................................................5-5 5.2.2.2 External Interrupt 2 (IRQ2).........................................................................5-7 5.2.2.3 Timer Interrupt............................................................................................5-7 5.2.2.4 Keyboard Interrupt (KBI) ............................................................................5-8 6 TIMER 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Timer Overview .....................................................................................................6-1 Timer Control Register (TCR)................................................................................6-3 Timer Data Register (TDR)....................................................................................6-4 Operation during Low Power Modes .....................................................................6-4 7 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 ADC Operation ......................................................................................................7-2 ADC Status and Control Register (ADSCR)..........................................................7-3 ADC Data Register (ADDR) ..................................................................................7-4 ADC during Low Power Modes..............................................................................7-4 TPG MOTOROLA ii For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Paragraph Number Page Number TITLE 8 CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET 8.1 Registers ...............................................................................................................8-1 8.1.1 Accumulator (A) ...............................................................................................8-1 8.1.2 Index register (X)..............................................................................................8-2 8.1.3 Program counter (PC) ......................................................................................8-2 8.1.4 Stack pointer (SP) ............................................................................................8-2 8.1.5 Condition code register (CCR).........................................................................8-2 8.2 Instruction set ........................................................................................................8-3 8.2.1 Register/memory Instructions ..........................................................................8-4 8.2.2 Branch instructions ..........................................................................................8-4 8.2.3 Bit manipulation instructions ............................................................................8-4 8.2.4 Read/modify/write instructions .........................................................................8-4 8.2.5 Control instructions ..........................................................................................8-4 8.2.6 Tables...............................................................................................................8-4 8.3 Addressing modes .................................................................................................8-11 8.3.1 Inherent............................................................................................................8-11 8.3.2 Immediate ........................................................................................................8-11 8.3.3 Direct................................................................................................................8-11 8.3.4 Extended..........................................................................................................8-12 8.3.5 Indexed, no offset.............................................................................................8-12 8.3.6 Indexed, 8-bit offset..........................................................................................8-12 8.3.7 Indexed, 16-bit offset........................................................................................8-12 8.3.8 Relative ............................................................................................................8-13 8.3.9 Bit set/clear ......................................................................................................8-13 8.3.10 Bit test and branch ...........................................................................................8-13 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 9 LOW POWER MODES 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 STOP Mode ...........................................................................................................9-1 WAIT Mode ............................................................................................................9-1 SLOW Mode ..........................................................................................................9-3 Data-Retention Mode ............................................................................................9-3 10 OPERATING MODES 10.1 10.2 10.3 User Mode ...........................................................................................................10-1 Self-Check Mode .................................................................................................10-1 Bootstrap Mode ...................................................................................................10-3 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA iii Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Paragraph Number Page Number TITLE 11 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Maximum Ratings................................................................................................11-1 Thermal Characteristics ......................................................................................11-1 DC Electrical Characteristics...............................................................................11-2 ADC Electrical Characteristics ............................................................................11-4 Control Timing .....................................................................................................11-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 12 MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS 12.1 12.2 12.3 40-Pin DIP Package (Case 711-03) ....................................................................12-2 42-Pin SDIP Package (Case 858-01) ..................................................................12-2 44-pin QFP Package (Case 824A-01) .................................................................12-3 A MC68HC705SR3 A.1 A.2 A.3 A.4 A.4.1 A.4.2 A.4.3 A.5 A.6 Features ............................................................................................................... A-1 Modes of Operation .............................................................................................. A-2 User Mode ............................................................................................................ A-2 Bootstrap Mode .................................................................................................... A-2 EPROM Programming .................................................................................... A-3 Program Control Register (PCR) .................................................................... A-3 EPROM Programming Sequence ................................................................... A-3 Mask Option Register (MOR) ............................................................................... A-4 Pin Assignments................................................................................................... A-5 TPG MOTOROLA iv For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. LIST OF FIGURES Figure Number 1-1 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 4-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 6-1 7-1 8-1 8-2 9-1 10-1 12-1 12-2 12-3 TITLE Page Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... MC68HC05SR3/ MC68HC705SR3 Block Diagram................................................1-3 Oscillator Connections............................................................................................2-3 Typical Oscillator Frequency for Selected External Resistor ..................................2-4 Typical Oscillator Frequency for Wire-Strap Connection ........................................2-4 Pin Assignment for 40-pin PDIP .............................................................................2-5 Pin Assignment for 42-pin SDIP .............................................................................2-6 Pin Assignment for 44-pin QFP ..............................................................................2-6 Port I/O Circuitry .....................................................................................................3-2 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD=5V ..............................................................................3-3 Typical IOH vs VOH @VDD=5V.............................................................................3-4 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD=3V ..............................................................................3-4 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD=3V ..............................................................................3-5 MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 Memory Map ...................................................4-2 Interrupt Stacking Order .........................................................................................5-3 Hardware Interrupt Processing Flowchart ..............................................................5-4 External Interrupt....................................................................................................5-6 Keyboard Interrupt Circuitry....................................................................................5-8 Timer Block Diagram ..............................................................................................6-2 ADC Converter Block Diagram ...............................................................................7-1 Programming model ...............................................................................................8-1 Stacking order ........................................................................................................8-2 STOP and WAIT Mode Flowcharts.........................................................................9-2 MC68HC05SR3 Self-Check Circuit ......................................................................10-2 40-pin DIP Package..............................................................................................12-2 42-pin SDIP Package ...........................................................................................12-2 44-pin QFP Package ............................................................................................12-3 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA v Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA vi For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. LIST OF TABLES Table Number 1-1 3-1 4-1 5-1 7-1 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 8-7 8-8 10-1 10-2 11-1 11-2 11-3 11-4 11-5 A-1 TITLE Page Number Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Power-On Reset Delay Mask Option ......................................................................1-2 I/O Pin Functions ....................................................................................................3-1 MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 I/O Registers ...................................................4-3 Reset/Interrupt Vector Addresses ..........................................................................5-3 ADC Channel Assignments ....................................................................................7-4 MUL instruction.......................................................................................................8-5 Register/memory instructions.................................................................................8-5 Branch instructions .................................................................................................8-6 Bit manipulation instructions...................................................................................8-6 Read/modify/write instructions ...............................................................................8-7 Control instructions.................................................................................................8-7 Instruction set .........................................................................................................8-8 M68HC05 opcode map...........................................................................................8-10 Mode Selection.....................................................................................................10-1 Self-Check Report ................................................................................................10-3 DC Electrical Characteristics for 5V Operation.....................................................11-2 DC Electrical Characteristics for 3V Operation.....................................................11-3 ADC Electrical Characteristics for 5V and 3V Operation......................................11-4 Control Timing for 5V Operation ...........................................................................11-5 Control Timing for 3V Operation ...........................................................................11-6 MC68HC705SR3 Operating Mode Entry Conditions ............................................ A-2 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MOTOROLA vii Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA viii For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The MC68HC05SR3 HCMOS microcontroller is a member of the M68HC05 family of low-cost single-chip microcontrollers. This 8-bit microcontroller unit (MCU) contains on-chip oscillator, CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, Timer, and Analog-to-Digital Converter. The MC68HC05SR3 is pin compatible with the MC6805R3 and is provided as a low power upgrade path for MC6805R3 applications. The low power advantage of CMOS is combined with the addition of I/O and port modifications which help eliminate external components in cost sensitive applications. The MC68HC705SR3 is an EPROM version of the MC68HC05SR3; it is available in windowed and OTP packages. All references to the MC68HC05SR3 apply equally to the MC68HC705SR3, unless otherwise stated. References specific to the MC68HC705SR3 are italicized in the text and also, for quick reference, they are summarized in Appendix A. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1.1 * * * * * * * * * * * * Features Fully static chip design featuring the industry standard 8-bit M68HC05 core Pin compatible with the MC6805R3 Power saving STOP, WAIT, and SLOW modes 3840 bytes of user ROM with security feature in MC68HC05SR3 3840 bytes of EPROM with security bit in MC68HC705SR3 192 bytes of RAM (64 bytes for stack) 32 bidirectional I/O lines Keyboard interrupts 8-bit count-down timer with programmable 7-bit prescaler On-chip crystal oscillator, with built-in capacitor for RC option Second software programmable external interrupt line (IRQ2) Direct LED drive capability on all ports Programmable 20K pull-up resistors integrated into I/O ports TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com GENERAL DESCRIPTION MOTOROLA 1-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 * * * * Internal 100K pull-up resistors on IRQ and RESET pins Four channel 8-bit Analog to Digital Converter Low Voltage Reset Available in 40-pin PDIP, 42-pin SDIP and 44-pin QFP packages Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 1.2 Mask Options The following mask options are available: * * RC or Crystal Oscillator (see Section 2.2). The default is crystal option. Power-On Reset delay -- Table 1-1 shows available options. The default value is 4096 cycles. Table 1-1 Power-On Reset Delay Mask Option Power-On Reset Delay (cycles) 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32768 * Power-On Reset Slow mode. If enabled, the device goes into Slow mode directly upon power-on reset. The bus frequency is 16 times slower than the normal mode. Thus, the power-on reset delay will also be 16 times longer. The default setting is "Slow mode" disabled. TPG MOTOROLA 1-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com GENERAL DESCRIPTION MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 PORT A USER ROM/EPROM - 3840 BYTES SELF-CHECK/BOOTSTRAP ROM - 240 BYTES RAM - 192 BYTES DDR A KEYBOARD INTERRUPT 8 PA0 - PA7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PORT B DDR B 7 0 ACCUMULATOR 8 PB0 - PB7 M68HC05 CPU 7 0 INDEX REGISTER 5 12 0000011 15 4 0 STACK POINTER PORT C 0 DDR C 8 PC0 - PC7 PROGRAM COUNTER IRQ RESET RESET 7 0 111HINZC CONDITION CODE REGISTER 8-Bit ADC POWER 8-BIT COUNTER VDD VSS TIMER CONTROL DDR D 7-BIT PRESCALER PORT D LOW VOLTAGE RESET PD7 PD6/IRQ2 PD5/VRH PD4/VRL PD3/AN3 PD2/AN2 PD1/AN1 PD0/AN0 OSC1 OSC2 TIMER OSC /2 Figure 1-1 MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 Block Diagram TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com GENERAL DESCRIPTION MOTOROLA 1-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA 1-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com GENERAL DESCRIPTION MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2 2 PIN DESCRIPTIONS This section provides a description of the functional pins of the MC68HC05SR3 microcontroller. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 2.1 Functional Pin Descriptions 40-pin PDIP PIN No. 4 1 -- -- 42-pin SDIP PIN No. 5 -- 1 2 44-pin QFP PIN No. 10, 33 32 6 7 PIN NAME VDD VSS VSS(INT) VSS(EXT) DESCRIPTION Power is supplied to the MCU using these pins. VDD should be connected to the positive supply. VSS, VSS(INT), and VSS(EXT) should be connected to supply ground. This is the EPROM programming voltage input pin on the MC68HC705SR3. On the MC68HC05SR3 part, this pin should be connected to VDD or VSS. IRQ is software programmable to provide two choices of interrupt triggering sensitivity. These options are: 1) negative-edge-sensitive triggering only, or 2) both negative-edge-sensitive and level-sensitive triggering. This pin has an integrated pull-up resistor to VDD but should be tied to VDD if not needed to improve noise immunity. The IRQ pin contains an internal Schmitt trigger as part of its input to improve noise immunity. The voltage on this pin may affect the mode of operation as described in Section 10. This pin can be used as an input to reset the MCU to a known start-up state by pulling it to the low state. The RESET pin contains an internal Schmitt trigger to improve its noise immunity as an input. It also has an internal pull-down device that pulls the RESET pin low during the power-on reset cycles and an integrated pull-up resistor to VDD. The TIMER pin provides an optional gating input to the timer. Refer to Section 6 for additional information. The OSC1 and OSC2 pins are the connections for the on-chip oscillator. See Section 2.2 for detail. VPP 7 8 13 IRQ 3 4 9 RESET 2 3 8 TIMER OSC1, OSC2 8 5, 6 9 6, 7 14 11, 12 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MOTOROLA 2-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 40-pin PDIP PIN No. 42-pin SDIP PIN No. 44-pin QFP PIN No. 2 PIN NAME DESCRIPTION These eight I/O lines comprise port A. The state of any pin is software programmable. All port A lines are configured as input during power-on or external reset. PA0-PA7 are also associated with the Keyboard Interrupt function. Each pin is equipped with a programmable integrated 20K pull-up resistor connected to VDD when configured as input. When programmed as output, each pin can provide a current drive of 10mA. See Section 3 for details on the I/O ports. These eight I/O lines comprise port B. The state of any pin is software programmable. All port B lines are configured as input during power-on or external reset. Each pin is equipped with a programmable integrated 20K pull-up resistor connected to VDD when configured as input. When programmed as output, each pin can provide a current drive of 10mA. PB5-PB7 can also be programmed to provide a lower current drive of 2mA. See Section 3 for details on the I/O ports. These eight I/O lines comprise port C. The state of any pin is software programmable. All port C lines are configured as input during power-on or external reset. Each pin is equipped with a programmable integrated 20K pull-up resistor connected to VDD when configured as input. When programmed as output, each pin can provide a current drive of 10mA. See Section 3 for details on the I/O ports. These eight I/O lines comprise port D. The state of any pin is software programmable. All port D lines are configured as input during power-on or external reset. Each pin is equipped with a programmable integrated 20K pull-up resistor connected to VDD when configured as input. When programmed as output, each pin can provide a current drive of 10mA. PD0-PD3 become analog inputs AN0-AN3 when the ADON bit is set in the ADC Status and Control Register ($0E). PD4 and PD5 becomes VRL and VRH respectively for the ADC reference voltage inputs. PD6 is configured as IRQ2 by setting IRQ2E in the Miscellaneous Control Register ($0C). See Section 3 for details on the I/O ports. PA0-PA7 33-40 34-41 42-44, 1-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PB0-PB7 25-32 26-33 31, 35-41 PC0-PC7 9-16 10-17 15-22 PD0-PD7 AN0-AN3 IRQ2 VRH VRL 24-21, 20-17 24-21 18 19 20 25-22, 21-18 25-22 19 20 21 30-23 30-27 24 25 26 2.2 OSC1 and OSC2 Connections The OSC1 and OSC2 pins are the connections for the on-chip oscillator -- the following configurations are available: 1) A crystal or ceramic resonator as shown in Figure 2-1(a). 2) An external clock signal as shown in Figure 2-1(b). 3) RC options as shown in Figure 2-1(c) and Figure 2-1(d). TPG MOTOROLA 2-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. The external oscillator clock frequency, fOSC, is divided by two to produce the internal operating frequency, fOP. 2 MCU OSC1 10M OSC2 OSC1 MCU OSC2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Unconnected External Clock 25p 25p (a) Crystal or ceramic resonator connections VDD OSC2 R Unconnected (c) RC option 1 - external resistor 10% to 25% accurate (b) External clock source connection MCU OSC1 MCU OSC1 OSC2 (d) RC option 2 - internal resistor 25% to 50% accurate Figure 2-1 Oscillator Connections 2.2.1 Crystal Oscillator The circuit in Figure 2-1(a) shows a typical oscillator circuit for an AT-cut, parallel resonant crystal. The crystal manufacturer's recommendations should be followed, as the crystal parameters determine the external component values required to provide maximum stability and reliable start-up. The load capacitance values used in the oscillator circuit design should include all stray capacitances. The crystal and components should be mounted as close as possible to the pins for start-up stabilization and to minimize output distortion. An external start-up resistor of approximately 10M is needed between OSC1 and OSC2 for the crystal type oscillator. 2.2.2 External Clock An external clock from another CMOS-compatible device can be connected to the OSC1 input, with the OSC2 input not connected, as shown in Figure 2-1(b). TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MOTOROLA 2-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2.2.3 RC Oscillator Option 2 This configuration is intended to be the lowest cost option in applications where oscillator accuracy is not important. An internal constant current source and a capacitor have been integrated on-chip, connected between the OSC2 pin and VSS. Thus by either connecting a resistor to VDD from OSC2 or by putting a wire strap between OSC1 and OSC2 self-oscillations at the frequency as shown in Figure 2-2 and Figure 2-3 can be induced. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4.0 Oscillator Frequency (MHz) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Resistance (K) Figure 2-2 Typical Oscillator Frequency for Selected External Resistor 2.25 Oscillator Frequency (MHz) 2.00 1.75 T=0C T=25C T=50C 1.50 1.25 1.00 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 VDD (V) 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 Figure 2-3 Typical Oscillator Frequency for Wire-Strap Connection TPG MOTOROLA 2-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2.3 Pin Assignments 2 VSS RESET IRQ VDD OSC1 OSC2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 PD0/AN0 PD1/AN1 PD2/AN2 PD3/AN3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VPP TIMER PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 PD7 PD6/IRQ2 PD5/VRH PD4/VRL Figure 2-4 Pin Assignment for 40-pin PDIP TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MOTOROLA 2-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VSS(INT) VSS(EXT) RESET IRQ VDD OSC1 OSC2 VPP TIMER PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 PD7 PD6/IRQ2 PD5/VRH PD4/VRL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 NC PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PB0 PD0/AN0 PD1/AN1 PD2/AN2 PD3/AN3 Figure 2-5 Pin Assignment for 42-pin SDIP 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 PA2 PA1 PA0 PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 NC PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 VSS(INT) VSS(EXT) RESET IRQ VDD OSC1 VDD VSS PB0 PD0/AN0 PD1/AN1 PD2/AN2 PD3/AN3 PD4/VRL PD5/VRH PD6/IRQ2 PD7 Figure 2-6 Pin Assignment for 44-pin QFP OSC2 VPP TIMER PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 TPG MOTOROLA 2-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com PIN DESCRIPTIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 3 INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS The MC68HC05SR3 has 32 bidirectional I/O lines, arranged as four 8-bit I/O ports (Port A, B, C, and D). The individual bits in these ports are programmable as either inputs or outputs under software control by the Data Direction Registers (DDRs). All port pins each has an associated 20K pull-up resistor, which can be connected/disconnected under software control. Also, each port pin is capable of sinking and driving a maximum current of 10mA (e.g. direct drive for LEDs). Port A can also be configured for keyboard interrupts. 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 3.1 Parallel Ports Port A, B, C, and D are 8-bit bidirectional ports. Each Port pin is controlled by the corresponding bits in a Data Direction Register and a Data Register as shown in Figure 3-1. The functions of the I/O pins are summarized in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 I/O Pin Functions R/W 0 0 1 1 DDR 0 1 0 1 I/O Pin Function The I/O pin is in input mode. Data is written into the output data latch. Data is written into the output data latch and output to the I/O pin. The state of the I/O pin is read. The I/O pin is in an output mode. The output data latch is read. 3.1.1 Port Data Registers Each Port I/O pin has a corresponding bit in the Port Data Register. When a Port I/O pin is programmed as an output the state of the corresponding data register bit determines the state of the output pin. All Port I/O pins can drive a current of 10mA when programmed as outputs. When a Port pin is programmed as an input, any read of the Port Data Register will return the logic state of the corresponding I/O pin. The locations of the Data Registers for Port A, B, C, and D are at $00, $01, $02, and $03 respectively. The Port Data Registers are unaffected by reset. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MOTOROLA 3-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. DATA DIRECTION REGISTER BIT 3 INTERNAL MC68HC05 CONNECTIONS LATCHED OUTPUT DATA BIT OUTPUT I/O PIN Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... INPUT REGISTER BIT INPUT I/O Figure 3-1 Port I/O Circuitry 3.1.2 Port Data Direction Registers Each port pin may be programmed as an input by clearing the corresponding bit in the DDR, or programmed as an output by setting the corresponding bit in the DDR. The DDR for Port A, B, C, and D are located at $04, $05, $06 and, $07 respectively. The DDRs are cleared by reset. Note: A "glitch" may occur on an I/O pin when selecting from an input to an output unless the data register is first preconditioned to the desired state before changing the corresponding DDR bit from a "0" to a "1". 3.2 Port A -- Keyboard Interrupts (KBI) Port A is configured for use as keyboard interrupts when the KBIE bit is set in the Miscellaneous Control Register (MCR). Individual keyboard interrupt port pins are also maskable by setting corresponding bits in the Keyboard Interrupt Mask Register. See Section 5.2.2.4 for details on the keyboard interrupts. 3.3 PD0:PD5 -- ADC Inputs When the ADON bit is set in the ADC Status and Control Register, PD0 to PD3 are configured as ADC inputs AN0 to AN3 respectively. PD4 and PD5 are configured as VRL and VRH respectively. See Section 7 for details on the Analog to Digital Converter. TPG MOTOROLA 3-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 3.4 PD6 -- IRQ2 The port pin PD6 is configured as IRQ2 by setting the IRQ2E bit in the MCR. The external interrupt IRQ2 behaves similar to IRQ except it is edge-triggered only. See Section 5.2.2.2 for details on the external interrupt IRQ2. 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 3.5 Programmable Current Drive All I/O ports, when programmed as outputs, can source or sink a current of 10mA for driving LEDs directly. By setting the PIL bit in the Port Option Register (at $0A), PB5-PB7 can be programmed to a low-current mode that source or sink only a current of 2mA when programmed as output. This allows a direct drive to low current LEDs. 13 12 11 10 9 8 IOL (mA) 7 6 5 PB5-PB7 in low current mode 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 VOL (volts) 3 typical All ports best case typical worst case best case worst case 4 5 Figure 3-2 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD =5V Note: Although the ports each has high current drive capability, designs should limit the total port currents to not more than 100mA. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MOTOROLA 3-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. VOH (volts) 0 0 -1 1 2 3 4 5 3 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 IOH (mA) -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 worst case typical best case PB5-PB7 in low current mode Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... worst case All ports typical best case Figure 3-3 Typical IOH vs VOH @VDD =5V All ports 5 best case 4 IOL (mA) typical 3 worst case 2 best case typical 1 worst case PB5-PB7 in low current mode 0 0 1 VOL (volts) 2 3 Figure 3-4 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD =3V TPG MOTOROLA 3-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. VOH (volts) 0 0 PB5-PB7 in low current mode worst case typical best case -2 IOH (mA) 1 2 3 -1 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... -3 worst case -4 typical All ports -5 best case Figure 3-5 Typical IOL vs VOL @VDD =3V 3.6 Programmable Pull-Up Devices Ports B, C, and D have 20K pull-up resistors, which can be connected or disconnected, by setting appropriate bits in the Port Option Register (at $0A). 3.6.1 Port Option Register Address bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 PIL bit 4 PDP bit 3 PCP bit 2 PBP bit 1 PB1 bit 0 PB0 State on reset 0000 0000 Port Option Register (POPR) $0A PIL -- PB5:PB7 current drive select 1 (set) - PB5-PB7 are configured to 2mA drive port. PB5-PB7 are configured to 10mA drive port. 0 (clear) - PDP -- Port D Pull-up 1 (set) - The internal 20K pull-up resistors are connected to the inputs of Port D. No pull-up resistor is connected to the inputs of Port D. 0 (clear) - TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MOTOROLA 3-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. PCP -- Port C Pull-up 1 (set) - The internal 20K pull-up resistors are connected to the inputs of Port C. No pull-up resistor is connected to the inputs of Port C. 3 0 (clear) - PBP -- PB2:PB7 Pull-up 1 (set) - The internal 20K pull-up resistors are connected to the inputs of PB2-PB7. No pull-up resistor is connected to the inputs of PB2-PB7. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 0 (clear) - PB1 -- PB1 pull-up 1 (set) - The internal 20K pull-up resistor is connected to the input of PB1. No pull-up resistor is connected to the input of PB1. 0 (clear) - PB0 -- PB0 pull-up 1 (set) - The internal 20K pull-up resistor is connected to the input of PB0. No pull-up resistor is connected to the input of PB0. 0 (clear) - TPG MOTOROLA 3-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 4 MEMORY AND REGISTERS The MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 has 8K-bytes of addressable memory, consisting of I/O registers, user ROM/EPROM, user RAM, and self-check/bootstrap ROM. Figure 4-1 shows the memory map for MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 device. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4 4.1 I/O Registers The I/O, status and control registers are located within the first 16 bytes of memory, from $0000 to $000F. These are shown in the memory map in Figure 4-1; and a summary of the register outline is shown in Table 4-1. Reading from unimplemented bits will return unknown states, and writing to unimplemented bits will be ignored. 4.2 RAM The user RAM (including the stack) consists of 192 bytes. It is separated into two blocks at locations $0010 to $008F, and $00C0 to $00FF. The stack begins at address $00FF and proceeds down to $00C0. 4.3 ROM The user ROM consists of 3840 bytes of memory, from $1000 to $1EFF. Twelve bytes of user vectors are also available, from $1FF4 to $1FFF. On the MC68HC705SR3, this ROM is replaced by EPROM. Note: Using the stack area for data storage or temporary work locations requires care to prevent the data from being overwritten due to stacking from an interrupt or subroutine call. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MEMORY AND REGISTERS MOTOROLA 4-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 4.4 Memory Map Figure 4-1 shows the memory map for MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 device. $0000 $000F $0010 I/O 16 Bytes Ports 8 Bytes User RAM 128 Bytes 0 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4 $008F $0090 $00BF $00C0 Timer Registers 2 Bytes Port Option Register KBI Register Unused Misc. Register EPROM Register ADC Registers 2 Bytes 15 Stack 64 Bytes $00FF $0100 Port A Data Register Port B Data Register Port C Data Register Port D Data Register Port A Data Direction Register Port B Data Direction Register Port C Data Direction Register Port D Data Direction Register Timer Data Register Timer Control Register Port Option Register Keyboard Interrupt Mask Register Miscellaneous Control Register EPROM Programming Control Register ADC Status and Control Register ADC Data Register $00 $01 $02 $03 $04 $05 $06 $07 $08 $09 $0A $0B $0C $0D $0E $0F Unused $0FFF $1000 User ROM/EPROM 3840 Bytes $1EFF $1F00 Self-Check/Bootstrap 240 Bytes $1FEF $1FF0 $1FFF User Vectors 12 Bytes $1FF0 $1FF2 $1FF4 $1FF6 $1FF8 $1FFA $1FFC $1FFE Reserved Reserved KBI Timer IRQ2 IRQ SWI RESET Figure 4-1 MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 Memory Map TPG MOTOROLA 4-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MEMORY AND REGISTERS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 4.5 I/O Registers Summary Table 4-1 shows a summary of I/O registers for MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 device. Table 4-1 MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 I/O Registers Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Register Name Port A Data Port B Data Port C Data Port D Data Port A Data Direction Port B Data Direction Port C Data Direction Port D Data Direction Timer Data (TDR) Timer Control (TCR) Port Option (POPR) KBI Mask (KBIM) Miscellaneous Control (MCR) Address $00 $01 $02 $03 $04 $05 $06 $07 $08 $09 $0A $0B $0C bit 7 PA7 PB7 PC7 PD7 bit 6 PA6 PB6 PC6 PD6 bit 5 PA5 PB5 PC5 PD5 bit 4 PA4 PB4 PC4 PD4 bit 3 PA3 PB3 PC3 PD3 bit 2 PA2 PB2 PC2 PD2 bit 1 PA1 PB1 PC1 PD1 bit 0 PA0 PB0 PC0 PD0 State on reset unaffected unaffected unaffected unaffected 4 DDRA7 DDRA6 DDRA5 DDRA4 DDRA3 DDRA2 DDRA1 DDRA0 0000 0000 DDRB7 DDRB6 DDRB5 DDRB4 DDRB3 DDRB2 DDRB1 DDRB0 0000 0000 DDRC7 DDRC6 DDRC5 DDRC4 DDRC3 DDRC2 DDRC1 DDRC0 0000 0000 DDRD7 DDRD6 DDRD5 DDRD4 DDRD3 DDRD2 DDRD1 DDRD0 0000 0000 TD7 TIF TD6 TIM TD5 TCEX PIL KBE7 KBIE KBE6 KBIC KBE5 INTO TD4 TINE PDP KBE4 INTE TD3 PRER PCP KBE3 LVRE TD2 PR2 PBP KBE2 SM TD1 PR1 PB1 KBE1 TD0 PR0 PB0 1111 1111 0100 -000 --00 0000 KBE0 0000 0000 IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 EPROM Programming Control ADC Status and Control (ADSCR) ADC Data (ADDR) $0D $0E $0F COCO ADRC ADON AD7 AD6 AD5 AD4 AD3 CH2 AD2 ELAT CH1 AD1 PGM CH0 AD0 ---- --00 000- -000 uuuu uuuu Mask Option (MOR) $0FFF SMD SEC TMR2 TMR1 TMR0 RC unaffected TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MEMORY AND REGISTERS MOTOROLA 4-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 4 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA 4-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MEMORY AND REGISTERS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 5 RESETS AND INTERRUPTS This section describes the reset and interrupt functions on the MCU. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 5.1 RESETS The MC68HC05SR3 can be reset in three ways: * * * by initial power-on reset function, (POR), by an active low input to the RESET pin, (RESET), and by a Low Voltage Reset, (LVR). All of these resets will cause the program to go to the starting address, specified by the contents of memory locations $1FFE and $1FFF, and cause the interrupt mask (I-bit) of the Condition Code Register (CCR) to be set. 5.1.1 Power-On Reset (POR) The power-on reset (POR) occurs on power-up to allow the clock oscillator to stabilize. The POR is strictly for power-up conditions, and should not be used to detect any drops in power supply voltage. There is an oscillator stabilization delay of tPORL internal processor bus clock cycles after the oscillator becomes active. The RESET pin will be pulled down internally during these cycles. If the RESET pin is low (by external circuit) at the end of the tPORL period, the processor remains in the reset condition until RESET goes high. 5.1.2 RESET Pin The RESET input pin is used to reset the MCU to provide an orderly software start-up procedure. When using the external reset, the RESET pin must stay low for a minimum of 1.5tCYC. The RESET pin is connected to a Schmitt Trigger circuit as part of its input to improve noise immunity. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MOTOROLA 5-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 5.1.3 Low Voltage Reset (LVR) When the LVR function is enabled, an internal reset is generated if the supply voltage, VDD, drops below VLVR. (See Section 11 for value of VLVR). This LVR function is enabled by setting the LVRE bit in the Miscellaneous Control Register. Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 5 LVRE -- Low Voltage Reset Enable 1 (set) - Low Voltage Reset function enabled. Low Voltage Reset function disabled. 0 (clear) - Note: The LVR function should not be enabled when operating VDD =3V. 5.2 INTERRUPTS The MC68HC05SR3 MCU can be interrupted by different sources - four maskable hardware interrupt and one non-maskable software interrupt: * * * * * Software Interrupt Instruction (SWI) External signal on IRQ pin External signal on IRQ2 pin TImer Overflow Keyboard If the interrupt mask bit (I-bit) in the Condition Code Register (CCR) is set, all maskable interrupts are disabled. Clearing the I-bit enables interrupts. Interrupts cause the processor to save the register contents on the stack and to set the interrupt mask (I-bit) to prevent additional interrupts. The RTI instruction causes the register contents to be recovered from the stack and normal processing to resume. Unlike reset, hardware interrupts do not cause the current instruction execution to be halted, but are considered pending until the current instruction is complete. The current instruction is the one already fetched and being operated on. When the current instruction is complete, the processor checks all pending hardware interrupts. If interrupts are not masked (CCR I-bit clear) the processor proceeds with interrupt processing; otherwise, the next instruction is fetched and executed. Table 5-1 shows the relative priority of all the possible interrupt sources. Figure 5-2 shows the interrupt processing flow. TPG MOTOROLA 5-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. $00C0 (BOTTOM OF STACK) $00C1 UNSTACKING ORDER $00C2 * * * 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 CONDITION CODE REGISTER ACCUMULATOR INDEX REGISTER PROGRAM COUNTER (HIGH BYTE) PROGRAM COUNTER (LOW BYTE) * * STACKING ORDER * * * * $00FD $00FE $00FF (TOP OF STACK) * * * Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 Figure 5-1 Interrupt Stacking Order Table 5-1 Reset/Interrupt Vector Addresses Register -- -- -- -- TCR -- Flag Name -- -- -- -- TIF -- Interrupt Reset Software External Interrupt External Interrupt 2 Timer Overflow Keyboard CPU Interrupt RESET SWI IRQ IRQ2 TIF KBI Vector Address $1FFE-$1FFF $1FFC-$1FFD $1FFA-$1FFB $1FF8-$1FF9 $1FF6-$1FF7 $1FF4-$1FF5 Priority highest lowest 5.2.1 Non-maskable Software Interrupt (SWI) The software interrupt (SWI) is an executable instruction and a non-maskable interrupt: it is execute regardless of the state of the I-bit in the CCR. If the I-bit is zero (interrupt enabled), SWI is executed after interrupts that were pending when the SWI was fetched, but before interrupts generated after the SWI was fetched. The SWI interrupt service routine address is specified by the contents of memory locations $1FFC and $1FFD. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MOTOROLA 5-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. From RESET Y Is I-bit Set? N IRQ External Interrupt ? N IRQ2 External Interrupt ? N Y Y PC (SP, SP-1) X (SP-2) A (SP-3) CC (SP-4) Y Clear External Interrupt Request Latch Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 Timer Interrupt? N Set I-bit in CCR Keyboard Interrupt? N Y Load Interrupt Vectors to Program Counter Fetch Next Instruction SWI Instruction? N Y RTI Instruction? N Execute Instruction Y Restore Registers from Stack CC, A, X, PC Figure 5-2 Hardware Interrupt Processing Flowchart TPG MOTOROLA 5-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 5.2.2 Maskable Hardware Interrupts If the interrupt mask bit (I-bit) of the CCR is set, all maskable interrupts are masked. Clearing the I-bit allows interrupt processing to occur. Note: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... The internal interrupt latch is cleared in the first part of the interrupt service routine; therefore, one external interrupt pulse could be latched and serviced as soon as the I-bit is cleared. 5.2.2.1 External Interrupt (IRQ) The external interrupt IRQ is controlled by two bits in the Miscellaneous Control Register ($0C). Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset 5 IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 INTE -- INTerrupt Enable 1 (set) - External interrupt IRQ is enabled. External interrupt is disabled. 0 (clear) - The external IRQ is default enabled at power-on reset. INTO -- INTerrupt Option 1 (set) - Negative-edge sensitive triggering for IRQ. Negative-level sensitive triggering for IRQ. 0 (clear) - When the signal of the external interrupt pin, IRQ, satisfies the condition selected, an external interrupt occurs. The actual processor interrupt is generated only if the interrupt mask bit of the condition code register is also cleared. When the interrupt is recognized, the current state of the processor is pushed onto the stack and the interrupt mask bit in the Condition Code Register is set. This masks further interrupts until the present one is serviced. The service routine address is specified by the contents in $1FFA-$1FFB. The interrupt logic recognizes negative edge transitions and pulses (special case of negative edges) on the external interrupt line. Figure 5-3 shows both a block diagram and timing for the interrupt line (IRQ) to the processor. The first method is used if pulses on the interrupt line are spaced far enough apart to be serviced. The minimum time between pulses is equal to the number of cycles required to execute the interrupt service routine plus 21 cycles. Once a pulse occurs, the next pulse should not occur until the MCU software has exited the routine (an RTI occurs). The second configuration shows several interrupt lines wired-OR to perform the interrupt at the processor. Thus, if the interrupt lines remain low after servicing one interrupt, the next interrupt is recognized. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MOTOROLA 5-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. INTO BIT VDD VDD D Q & + & & I-BIT (CCR) 100K IRQ C R Q EXTERNAL INTERRUPT REQUEST Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 POWER-ON RESET + EXTERNAL RESET EXTERNAL INTERRUPT BEING SERVICED (IRQ ONLY) (a) Interrupt Function Diagram IRQ tILIH tILIL EDGE SENSITIVE TRIGGER CONDITION The minimum pulse width tILIH is either 125ns (VDD=5V) or 250ns (VDD=3V). The period tILIL should not be less than the number of tcyc cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 21 tCYC cycles. tILIH LEVEL SENSITIVE TRIGGER CONDITION if after servicing an interrupt the external interrupt pin (IRQ) remains low, then the next interrupt is recognized. Normally used with pull-up resistors for wired-OR connection. Wired ORed Interrupt signals IRQ (b) Interrupt Mode Diagram Figure 5-3 External Interrupt TPG MOTOROLA 5-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 5.2.2.2 External Interrupt 2 (IRQ2) The port pin PD6 is configured as IRQ2 by setting the IRQ2E bit in the MCR. The external interrupt IRQ2 behaves similar to IRQ except it is edge-triggered only. Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... IRQ2E -- IRQ2 Enable 1 (set) - External interrupt IRQ2 is enabled. External interrupt IRQ2 is disabled. 0 (clear) - 5 IRQ2F -- IRQ2 Flag clear This is a write-only bit and always read as "0". 1 (set) - Writing a "1" clears the IRQ2 interrupt latch. Writing a "0" has no effect. 0 (clear) - When a negative-edge is sensed on IRQ2 pin, an external interrupt occurs. The actual processor interrupt is generated only if the I-bit in the CCR is also cleared. When the interrupt is recognized, the current state of the processor is pushed onto the stack and the I-bit in the CCR is set. This masks further interrupts until the present one is serviced. The latch for IRQ2 is cleared by reset or by writing a "1" to the IRQ2F bit in the MCR in the interrupt service routine. The interrupt service routine address is specified by the contents in $1FF8-$1FF9. 5.2.2.3 Timer Interrupt The timer interrupt is generated by the 8-bit timer when a timer overflow has occurred. The interrupt enable and flag for the timer interrupt are located in the Timer Control Register. Address bit 7 Timer Control Register (TCR) $09 TIF bit 6 TIM bit 5 TCEX bit 4 TINE bit 3 PREP bit 2 PR2 bit 1 PR1 bit 0 PR0 State on reset 0100 -100 TIM -- Timer Interrupt Mask 1 (set) - Timer interrupt is disabled. Timer interrupt is enabled. 0 (clear) - TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MOTOROLA 5-7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. TIF -- Timer Interrupt Flag 1 (set) - A timer interrupt (timer overflow) has occurred. A timer interrupt (timer overflow) has not occurred. 0 (clear) - The I-bit in the CCR must be cleared in order for the timer interrupt to be processed. The interrupt will vector to the interrupt service routine at the address specified by the contents in $1FF6-$0FF7. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5.2.2.4 Keyboard Interrupt (KBI) 5 Keyboard interrupt function is associated with Port A pins. The keyboard interrupt function is enabled by setting the keyboard interrupt enable bit KBIE (bit 7 of MCR at $0C) and the individual enable bits KBE0-KBE7 (bits 0-7 of KBIM at $0B). When the KBEx bit is set, the corresponding Port A pin will be configured as an input pin, regardless of the DDR setting, and a 20K pull-up resistor is connected to the pin, as shown in Figure 5-4. When a high to low transition is sensed on the pin, a keyboard interrupt will be generated. An interrupt to the CPU will be generated if the I-bit in the CCR is cleared. The keyboard interrupt flag should be cleared in the interrupt service routine (by writing a "1" to KBIC bit in the MCR at $0C) after the key is debounced. Debouncing will avoid spurious false triggering. The keyboard interrupt is negative-edge sensitive only, and the interrupt service routine is specified by the contents in $1FF4-$1FF5. KBEx of KBIM VDD & & Keyboard Interrupt request & & KBIE bit of MCR ($0C bit 7) 20K 1 input for each of PA0-PA7 (8 input NAND) & DDR0-DDR7 Internal Data bit (0-7), Port A Pad Logic PAx Figure 5-4 Keyboard Interrupt Circuitry TPG MOTOROLA 5-8 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. The KBIE bit in the Miscellaneous Control Register controls the master enable for the keyboard interrupts. Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 KBIE -- KeyBoard Interrupt Enable 1 (set) - Keyboard interrupts master enabled. Keyboard interrupts master disabled. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 0 (clear) - KBIC -- KeyBoard Interrupt Clear This is a write-only bit and always read as "0". 1 (set) - Writing a "1" clears the keyboard interrupt latch. Writing a "0" has no effect. 5 0 (clear) - The Keyboard Interrupt Mask Register (KBIMR) masks individual keyboard interrupt pins and setting of the internal pull-up resistors on port A. Address bit 7 KBIMR $0B KBE7 bit 6 KBE6 bit 5 KBE5 bit 4 KBE4 bit 3 KBE3 bit 2 KBE2 bit 1 KBE1 bit 0 State on reset KBE0 0000 0000 KBEx -- PAx Keyboard Interrupt Enable 1 (set) - Keyboard interrupt enabled for PAx. A 20K internal pull-up resistor is connected. High to low transition on PAx will cause a keyboard interrupt. Keyboard interrupt for PAx pin is masked. Any transitions on PAx will not set any flags. 0 (clear) - TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MOTOROLA 5-9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 5 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA 5-10 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com RESETS AND INTERRUPTS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 6 TIMER This section describes the operation of the 8-bit count-down timer in the MC68HC05SR3. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 6.1 Timer Overview 6 The MC68HC05SR3 timer block diagram is shown in Figure 6-1. The timer contains a single 8-bit software programmable count-down counter with a 7-bit software selectable prescaler. The counter may be preset under software control and decrements towards zero. When the counter decrements to zero, the timer interrupt flag (TIF bit in Timer Control Register, TCR) is set. Once timer interrupt flag is set, an interrupt is generated to the CPU only if the TIM bit in the TCR and I-bit in the CCR are cleared. When a interrupt is recognized, after completion of the current instruction, the processor proceeds to store the appropriate registers on the stack and then fetches the timer interrupt vector from locations $1FF6 and $1FF7. The counter continues to count after it reaches zero, allowing the software to determine the number of internal or external clocks since the timer interrupt flag was set. The counter may be read at any time by the processor without disturbing the count. The contents of the counter become stable prior to the read portion of a cycle and do not change during the read. The timer interrupt flag remains set until cleared by the software. If a write occurs before the timer interrupt is served, the interrupt is lost. The timer interrupt flag may also be used as a scanned status bit in a non-interrupt mode of operation. The prescaler is a 7-bit divider which is used to extend the maximum length of the timer. Bit 0, 1, 2 (PR0, PR1, PR2) of TCR are programmed to choose the appropriate prescaler output which is used as the 8-bit counter clock input. The processor cannot write into or read from the prescaler; however, its contents can be cleared to all zeros by writing to the PRER bit in the TCR. This will allow for truncation-free counting. The input clock for the timer sub-system is selectable from internal, external, or a combination of internal and external sources. The TCEX and TINE bits in the Timer Control Register selects the timer input clock. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMER MOTOROLA 6-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8 Timer Data Register ($08) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 8-bit count-down timer counter 7-bit prescaler counter RST Internal Bus 6 8 Prescaler Select Logic (8 to 1 MUX) Overflow Detect Circuit Interrupt Circuit 8 TIF TIM TCEX TINE PRER PR2 PR1 PR0 Timer Control Register ($09) Clock Source Logic TIMER Internal Processor Clock TCEX 0 0 1 1 TINE 0 1 0 1 Clock Source Internal clock to timer "AND" of internal clock and TIMER pin to timer Input clock to timer disabled TIMER pin to timer Figure 6-1 Timer Block Diagram TPG MOTOROLA 6-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMER MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 6.2 Timer Control Register (TCR) The TCR enables the software to control the operation of the timer. Address $09 bit 7 TIF bit 6 TIM bit 5 TCEX bit 4 TINE bit 3 PRER bit 2 PRE2 bit 1 PRE1 bit 0 PRE0 State on reset 0100 -100 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... TIF -- Timer Interrupt Flag 1 (set) - The timer has reached a count of zero. The timer has not reached a count of zero. 0 (clear) - The timer interrupt flag is set when the 8-bit counter decrements to zero. This bit is cleared on reset, or by writing a "0" to the TIF bit. TIM -- Timer Interrupt Mask 1 (set) - Timer interrupt request to the CPU is masked (disabled). Timer interrupt request to the CPU is not masked (enabled). 6 0 (clear) - A reset sets this bit to one; it must then be cleared by software to enable the timer interrupt to the CPU. This timer interrupt mask only masks timer interrupt request to the CPU, and does not affect counting of the 8-bit counter or the setting of TIF. TCEX -- Timer Clock EXternal TINE -- Timer INput Enable These two bits selects the source of the timer clock. Reset or power-on clears these bits to zero. TCEX 0 0 1 1 TINE 0 1 0 1 Clock Source Internal clock to timer "AND" of internal clock and TIMER pin to timer Input clock to timer disabled TIMER pin to timer PRER -- PREscaler Reset Writing a "1" to this write-only bit will reset the prescaler to zero, which is necessary for any new counts set by writing to the Timer Data Register.This bit always reads as zero, and is not affected by reset. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMER MOTOROLA 6-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. PR2:PR0 These three bits enable the program to select the division ratio of the prescaler. On reset, these three bits are set to "100", which corresponds to a division ratio of 16. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... PR2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 PR1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 PR0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Divide Ratio 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 6 6.3 Timer Data Register (TDR) The TDR is a read/write register which contains the current value of the 8-bit count-down timer counter when read. Reading this register does not disturb the counter operation. Address $08 bit 7 TD7 bit 6 TD6 bit 5 TD5 bit 4 TD4 bit 3 TD3 bit 2 TD2 bit 1 TD1 bit 0 TD0 State on reset 1111 1111 6.4 Operation during Low Power Modes The timer ceases counting in STOP mode. When STOP mode is exited by an external interrupt (IRQ or IRQ2), the internal oscillator will resume its operation, followed by internal processor stabilization delay. The timer is then cleared to zero and resumes its operation. The TIF bit in the TCR will be set. To avoid generating a timer interrupt when exiting STOP mode, it is recommended to set the TIM bit prior entering STOP mode. After exiting STOP mode TIF bit can then be cleared. The CPU clock halts during the WAIT mode, but the timer remains active. If the interrupts are enabled, the timer interrupt will cause the processor to exit the WAIT mode. TPG MOTOROLA 6-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com TIMER MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 7 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER The analog to digital converter system consists of a single 8-bit successive approximation converter and an 8-channel analog multiplexer. Four of the channels are available for analog inputs, and the other four channels are dedicated to internal test functions. There is one 8-bit ADC Data Register ($0F) and one 8-bit ADC Status and Control register ($0E). The reference supply, VRL and VRH for the converter uses two input pins (shared with PD4 and PD5) instead of the power supply lines, because drops caused by loading in the power supply lines would degrade the accuracy of the analog to digital conversion. An internal RC oscillator is available if the bus speed is low enough to degrade the ADC accuracy. An ADON bit allows the ADC to be switched off to reduce power consumption, which is particularly useful in the Wait mode. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 7 AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 8-bit capacitive DAC with sample and hold VRH VRL Successive approximation register and control Analog MUX (Channel assignment) Result 8 ADC Status and Control Register ($0E) CH0 CH1 CH2 ADON ADRC COCO VRH VRL (VRH +VRL)/4 (VRH +VRL)/2 ADC Data Register ($0F) Figure 7-1 ADC Converter Block Diagram TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MOTOROLA 7-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 7.1 ADC Operation As shown in Figure 7-1, the ADC consists of an analog multiplexer, an 8-bit digital to analog capacitor array, a comparator and a successive approximation register (SAR). There are eight options that can be selected by the multiplexer; the AN0 to AN3 input pins, VRH, VRL, (VRH +VRL)/4, or (VRH +VRL)/2. Selection is done via the CHx bits in the ADC Status and Control Register. AN0 to AN3 are input points for ADC conversion operations; the others are reference points which can be used for test purposes. The converter uses VRH and VRL as reference voltages. An input voltage equal to or greater than VRH converts to $FF. An input voltage equal to or less than VRL, but greater than VSS, converts to $00. Maximum and minimum ratings must not be exceeded. Each analog input source should use VRH as the supply voltage and should be referenced to VRL for the ratiometric conversions. To maintain full accuracy of the ADC, the following should be noted: 1) VRH should be equal to or less than VCC; 2) VRL should be equal to or greater than VSS but less than maximum specifications; and 3) VRH-VRL should be equal to or greater than 4 Volts. The ADC reference inputs (VRH and VRL) are applied to a precision internal digital to analog converter. Control logic drives this D/A converter and the analog output is successively compared with the selected analog input sampled at the beginning of the conversion. The conversion is monotonic with no missing codes. The result of each successive comparison is stored in the successive approximation register (SAR) and, when the conversion is complete, the contents of the SAR are transferred to the read-only ADC Data Register ($0F), and the conversion complete flag, COCO, is set in the ADC Status and Control Register ($0E). Warning: Any write to the ADC Status and Control Register will abort the current conversion, reset the conversion complete flag (COCO) and a new conversion starts on the selected channel. At power-on or external reset, both the ADRC and ADON bits are cleared, thus the ADC is disabled. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 7 TPG MOTOROLA 7-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 7.2 ADC Status and Control Register (ADSCR) The ADSCR is a read/write register containing status and control bits for the ADC. Address $0E bit 7 COCO bit 6 ADRC bit 5 ADON bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 CH2 bit 1 CH1 bit 0 CH0 State on reset 000- -000 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... COCO -- COnversion COmplete 1 (set) - An ADC conversion has completed; ADC Data Register ($0F) contains valid conversion result. ADC conversion not completed. 0 (clear) - This read-only status bit is set when a conversion is completed, indicating that the ADC Data Register contains a valid result. This COCO bit is cleared either by a write to the ADSCR or a read of the ADC Data Register. Once the COCO bit is cleared, a new conversion automatically starts. If the COCO bit is not cleared, conversions are initiated every 32 cycles. In this continuous conversion mode the ADC Data Register is refreshed with new data, every 32 cycles, and the COCO bit remains set. ADRC -- ADC RC Oscillator Control 1 (set) - ADC uses RC oscillator as clock source. ADC uses internal processor clock as clock source. 7 0 (clear) - The RC oscillator option must be used if the internal processor is running below 1MHz. A stabilization time of typically 1ms is required when switching to the RC oscillator option. ADON -- ADC On 1 (set) - ADC is switched ON. ADC is switched OFF. 0 (clear) - When the ADC is turned from OFF to ON, it requires a time tADON for the current sources to stabilize. During this time ADC conversion results may be inaccurate. Switching the ADC off disables the internal charge pump and RC oscillator (if selected by ADRC=1), and hence saving power. CH2:CH0 -- Channel Select Bits These three bits selects one of eight ADC channels for the conversion. Channels 0 to 3 correspond to inputs AN0-AN3 on port pins PD0-PD3 respectively. Channels 4 and 5 are the ADC reference inputs VRH and VRL, on port pins PD4 and PD5 respectively. Channels 6 and 7 are used for internal reference points. Table 7-1 shows the signals selected by the channel select bits. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MOTOROLA 7-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 7-1 ADC Channel Assignments CH2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 CH1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 CH0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Channel 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Selected Signal AD0 on PD0 AD1 on PD1 AD2 on PD2 AD3 on PD3 VRH VRL (VRH-VRL) / 4 (VRH-VRL) / 2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Using a port D pin as both an analog and digital input simultaneously is prohibited. When the ADC is enabled (ADON=1) and one of channels 0 to 5 is selected, the corresponding Port D pin will appear as a logic zero when read from the Port Data Register. 7 7.3 ADC Data Register (ADDR) The ADDR stores the result of a valid ADC conversion when the COCO bits is set in ADSCR. Address $0F bit 7 AD7 bit 6 AD6 bit 5 AD5 bit 4 AD4 bit 3 AD3 bit 2 AD2 bit 1 AD1 bit 0 AD0 State on reset uuuu uuuu 7.4 ADC during Low Power Modes The ADC continues normal operation in WAIT mode. To reduce power consumption in WAIT mode, the ADON and ADRC bits in the ADSCR should be cleared if the ADC is not used. If the ADC is in use and the internal bus clock is above 1MHz, it is recommended that the ADRC bit be cleared. In STOP mode, the ADC stops operation. TPG MOTOROLA 7-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8 CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET This section provides a description of the CPU core registers, the instruction set and the addressing modes of the MC68HC05SR3. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.1 Registers The MCU contains five registers, as shown in the programming model of Figure 8-1. The interrupt stacking order is shown in Figure 8-2. 7 7 15 7 0 Accumulator 0 Index register 0 Program counter 15 7 0 0000000011 7 0 111HINZC Stack pointer Condition code register Carry / borrow Zero Negative Interrupt mask Half carry 8 Figure 8-1 Programming model 8.1.1 Accumulator (A) The accumulator is a general purpose 8-bit register used to hold operands and results of arithmetic calculations or data manipulations. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 7 Increasing memory address Condition code register Accumulator Index register Program counter high Program counter low Return 0 Stack Interrupt Decreasing memory address Unstack Figure 8-2 Stacking order Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.1.2 Index register (X) The index register is an 8-bit register, which can contain the indexed addressing value used to create an effective address. The index register may also be used as a temporary storage area. 8.1.3 Program counter (PC) The program counter is a 16-bit register, which contains the address of the next byte to be fetched. 8 8.1.4 Stack pointer (SP) The stack pointer is a 16-bit register, which contains the address of the next free location on the stack. During an MCU reset or the reset stack pointer (RSP) instruction, the stack pointer is set to location $00FF. The stack pointer is then decremented as data is pushed onto the stack and incremented as data is pulled from the stack. When accessing memory, the ten most significant bits are permanently set to 0000000011. These ten bits are appended to the six least significant register bits to produce an address within the range of $00C0 to $00FF. Subroutines and interrupts may use up to 64 (decimal) locations. If 64 locations are exceeded, the stack pointer wraps around and overwrites the previously stored information. A subroutine call occupies two locations on the stack; an interrupt uses five locations. 8.1.5 Condition code register (CCR) The CCR is a 5-bit register in which four bits are used to indicate the results of the instruction just executed, and the fifth bit indicates whether interrupts are masked. These bits can be individually tested by a program, and specific actions can be taken as a result of their state. Each bit is explained in the following paragraphs. Half carry (H) This bit is set during ADD and ADC operations to indicate that a carry occurred between bits 3 and 4. TPG MOTOROLA 8-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Interrupt (I) When this bit is set, all maskable interrupts are masked. If an interrupt occurs while this bit is set, the interrupt is latched and remains pending until the interrupt bit is cleared. Negative (N) When set, this bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical, or data manipulation was negative. Zero (Z) When set, this bit indicates that the result of the last arithmetic, logical, or data manipulation was zero. Carry/borrow (C) When set, this bit indicates that a carry or borrow out of the arithmetic logical unit (ALU) occurred during the last arithmetic operation. This bit is also affected during bit test and branch instructions and during shifts and rotates. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.2 Instruction set The MCU has a set of 62 basic instructions. They can be grouped into five different types as follows: - - - - - Register/memory Read/modify/write Branch Bit manipulation Control 8 The following paragraphs briefly explain each type. All the instructions within a given type are presented in individual tables. This MCU uses all the instructions available in the M146805 CMOS family plus one more: the unsigned multiply (MUL) instruction. This instruction allows unsigned multiplication of the contents of the accumulator (A) and the index register (X). The high-order product is then stored in the index register and the low-order product is stored in the accumulator. A detailed definition of the MUL instruction is shown in Table 8-1. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8.2.1 Register/memory Instructions Most of these instructions use two operands. The first operand is either the accumulator or the index register. The second operand is obtained from memory using one of the addressing modes. The jump unconditional (JMP) and jump to subroutine (JSR) instructions have no register operand. Refer to Table 8-2 for a complete list of register/memory instructions. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.2.2 Branch instructions These instructions cause the program to branch if a particular condition is met; otherwise, no operation is performed. Branch instructions are two-byte instructions. Refer to Table 8-3. 8.2.3 Bit manipulation instructions 8 The MCU can set or clear any writable bit that resides in the first 256 bytes of the memory space (page 0). All port data and data direction registers, timer and serial interface registers, control/status registers and a portion of the on-chip RAM reside in page 0. An additional feature allows the software to test and branch on the state of any bit within these locations. The bit set, bit clear, bit test and branch functions are all implemented with single instructions. For the test and branch instructions, the value of the bit tested is also placed in the carry bit of the condition code register. Refer to Table 8-4. 8.2.4 Read/modify/write instructions These instructions read a memory location or a register, modify or test its contents, and write the modified value back to memory or to the register. The test for negative or zero (TST) instruction is an exception to this sequence of reading, modifying and writing, since it does not modify the value. Refer to Table 8-5 for a complete list of read/modify/write instructions. 8.2.5 Control instructions These instructions are register reference instructions and are used to control processor operation during program execution. Refer to Table 8-6 for a complete list of control instructions. 8.2.6 Tables Tables for all the instruction types listed above follow. In addition there is a complete alphabetical listing of all the instructions (see Table 8-7), and an opcode map for the instruction set of the M68HC05 MCU family (see Table 8-8). TPG MOTOROLA 8-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 8-1 MUL instruction X:A X*A Multiplies the eight bits in the index register by the eight Description bits in the accumulator and places the 16-bit result in the concatenated accumulator and index register. H : Cleared I : Not affected Condition N : Not affected codes Z : Not affected C : Cleared Source MUL Addressing mode Cycles Bytes Opcode Form Inherent 11 1 $42 Operation Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table 8-2 Register/memory instructions Addressing modes Immediate Mnemonic Direct Extended Indexed (no offset) # Cycles Opcode Opcode # Bytes Indexed (8-bit offset) # Cycles Opcode # Bytes Indexed (16-bit offset) # Cycles # Bytes # Cycles # Cycles # Cycles Opcode Opcode Opcode # Bytes # Bytes # Bytes Function Load A from memory Load X from memory Store A in memory Store X in memory Add memory to A Add memory and carry to A Subtract memory Subtract memory from A with borrow AND memory with A OR memory with A Exclusive OR memory with A Arithmetic compare A with memory Arithmetic compare X with memory Bit test memory with A (logical compare) Jump unconditional Jump to subroutine 8 LDA LDX STA STX ADD ADC SUB SBC AND ORA EOR CMP CPX BIT JMP JSR A6 AE 2 2 2 2 B6 BE B7 BF 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 5 C6 CE C7 CF CB C9 C0 C2 C4 CA C8 C1 C3 C5 CC CD 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 6 F6 FE F7 FF FB F9 F0 F2 F4 FA F8 F1 F3 F5 FC FD 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 5 E6 EE E7 EF EB E9 E0 E2 E4 EA E8 E1 E3 E5 EC ED 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 6 D6 DE D7 DF DB D9 D0 D2 D4 DA D8 D1 D3 D5 DC DD 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 7 AB A9 A0 A2 A4 AA A8 A1 A3 A5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 BB B9 B0 B2 B4 BA B8 B1 B3 B5 BC BD TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 8-3 Branch instructions Relative addressing mode Opcode # Bytes # Cycles 20 2 3 21 2 3 22 2 3 23 2 3 24 2 3 24 2 3 25 2 3 25 2 3 26 2 3 27 2 3 28 2 3 29 2 3 2A 2 3 2B 2 3 2C 2 3 2D 2 3 2E 2 3 2F 2 3 AD 2 6 Function Branch always Branch never Branch if higher Branch if lower or same Branch if carry clear (Branch if higher or same) Branch if carry set (Branch if lower) Branch if not equal Branch if equal Branch if half carry clear Branch if half carry set Branch if plus Branch if minus Branch if interrupt mask bit is clear Branch if interrupt mask bit is set Branch if interrupt line is low Branch if interrupt line is high Branch to subroutine Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 Mnemonic BRA BRN BHI BLS BCC (BHS) BCS (BLO) BNE BEQ BHCC BHCS BPL BMI BMC BMS BIL BIH BSR Table 8-4 Bit manipulation instructions Addressing modes Bit set/clear Bit test and branch Opcode # Bytes # Cycles Opcode # Bytes # Cycles 2*n 3 5 01+2*n 3 5 10+2*n 2 5 11+2*n 2 5 Function Branch if bit n is set Branch if bit n is clear Set bit n Clear bit n Mnemonic BRSET n (n=0-7) BRCLR n (n=0-7) BSET n (n=0-7) BCLR n (n=0-7) TPG MOTOROLA 8-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 8-5 Read/modify/write instructions Addressing modes Inherent (A) Mnemonic # Cycles Opcode Inherent (X) # Cycles Opcode Opcode Direct Indexed (no offset) # Cycles # Cycles Opcode # Bytes Indexed (8-bit offset) # Cycles 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 Opcode 6C 6A 6F 63 60 69 66 68 64 67 6D # Bytes 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 # Bytes # Bytes Function Increment Decrement Clear Complement Negate (two's complement) Rotate left through carry Rotate right through carry Logical shift left Logical shift right Arithmetic shift right Test for negative or zero Multiply Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... INC DEC CLR COM NEG ROL ROR LSL LSR ASR TST MUL 4C 4A 4F 43 40 49 46 48 44 47 4D 42 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5C 3 5A 3 5F 3 53 3 50 3 59 3 56 3 58 3 54 3 57 3 5D 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3C 3A 3F 33 30 39 36 38 34 37 3D # Bytes 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 7C 7A 7F 73 70 79 76 78 74 77 7D 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 Table 8-6 Control instructions Inherent addressing mode Opcode # Bytes # Cycles 97 1 2 9F 1 2 99 1 2 98 1 2 9B 1 2 9A 1 2 83 1 10 81 1 6 80 1 9 9C 1 2 9D 1 2 8E 1 2 8F 1 2 8 Function Transfer A to X Transfer X to A Set carry bit Clear carry bit Set interrupt mask bit Clear interrupt mask bit Software interrupt Return from subroutine Return from interrupt Reset stack pointer No-operation Stop Wait Mnemonic TAX TXA SEC CLC SEI CLI SWI RTS RTI RSP NOP STOP WAIT TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-7 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 8-7 Instruction set Addressing modes EXT REL IX IX1 Condition codes I NZ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 0 * * * 01 * Mnemonic ADC ADD AND ASL ASR BCC BCLR BCS BEQ BHCC BHCS BHI BHS BIH BIL BIT BLO BLS BMC BMI BMS BNE BPL BRA BRN BRCLR BRSET BSET BSR CLC CLI CLR CMP INH IMM DIR IX2 BSC BTB 8 H * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * C * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 0 * * Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Address mode abbreviations BSC Bit set/clear BTB DIR EXT INH Bit test & branch Direct Extended Inherent IMM IX IX1 IX2 REL Immediate Indexed (no offset) Indexed, 1 byte offset Indexed, 2 byte offset Relative I N Z C Not implemented H Condition code symbols Half carry (from bit 3) Interrupt mask Negate (sign bit) Zero Carry/borrow * ? 0 1 Tested and set if true, cleared otherwise Not affected Load CCR from stack Cleared Set TPG MOTOROLA 8-8 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 8-7 Instruction set (Continued) Addressing modes EXT REL IX IX1 Condition codes I NZ * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 0 * * * * * * * * * * * * * ??? * * * * * * * 1 * * * 0 * * * * 1 * * * * * * * * * 0 * * Mnemonic COM CPX DEC EOR INC JMP JSR LDA LDX LSL LSR MUL NEG NOP ORA ROL ROR RSP RTI RTS SBC SEC SEI STA STOP STX SUB SWI TAX TST TXA WAIT INH IMM DIR IX2 BSC BTB H * * * * * * * * * * * 0 * * * * * * ? * * * * * * * * * * * * * C 1 * * * * * * * 0 * * * ? * 1 * * * * * * * * * Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 Address mode abbreviations BSC Bit set/clear BTB DIR EXT INH Bit test & branch Direct Extended Inherent IMM IX IX1 IX2 REL Immediate Indexed (no offset) Indexed, 1 byte offset Indexed, 2 byte offset Relative I N Z C Not implemented H Condition code symbols Half carry (from bit 3) Interrupt mask Negate (sign bit) Zero Carry/borrow * ? 0 1 Tested and set if true, cleared otherwise Not affected Load CCR from stack Cleared Set TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 Control High 3 IX 3 MOTOROLA 8-10 DIR 3 0011 3 High NEG DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 1 IX 1 5 Low NEGA RTS 1 INH 2 INH 6 2 3 Bit manipulation BTB BSC 0 1 0000 0001 INH 4 0100 NEGX CMP SBC 2 IMM 2 2 IMM 2 2 3 Branch REL 2 0010 IX 7 0111 6 Read/modify/write INH IX1 5 6 0101 0110 INH 8 1000 5 INH 9 1001 9 IMM A 1010 SUB CMP SBC CPX AND BIT LDA STA 2 DIR 3 4 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 2 DIR B 1011 SUB CMP SBC CPX AND BIT LDA STA EOR ADC DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 EXT 3 5 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 3 Register/memory EXT IX2 C D 1100 1101 IX1 E 1110 5 IX F 1111 4 BRSET0 REL 2 3 5 BSET0 CMP SBC CPX AND BIT LDA STA EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 EXT 3 4 IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 5 BRA CMP SBC CPX AND BIT IX2 2 5 IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 NEG CMP SBC CPX AND BIT LDA IX2 2 6 IX1 1 4 NEG RTI SUB 4 SUB SUB SUB 3 BRCLR0 REL 3 BTB 2 5 BCLR0 MUL 1 11 REL 3 BSC 2 5 IX 3 BRN 3 BRSET1 COM LSR DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 1 IX 2 DIR 1 5 5 BTB 2 5 INH 3 BSET1 COMA LSRA BIT 2 IMM 2 2 INH 1 3 BSC 2 5 BHI COMX LSRX INH 2 3 3 3 BRCLR1 REL 2 3 BTB 2 5 BCLR1 LSR IX1 1 6 BSC 2 5 BLS LSR IX 1 5 INH 2 COM AND IMM 2 2 6 COM 5 SWI 10 CPX IMM 2 2 IX 3 IX 3 IX 3 3 BRSET2 REL 2 3 REL 3 BTB 2 5 BSET2 BSC 2 5 BCC 3 BRCLR2 ROR ASR LSL ROL DEC DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 1 IX 1 DIR 1 5 DIR 1 5 DIR 1 5 DIR 1 5 5 BTB 2 5 BCLR2 RORA ASRA LSLA ROLA DECA SEI 1 INH 2 2 INH 1 3 INH 1 3 INH 1 3 INH 1 3 3 BSC 2 5 BCS RORX ASRX LSLX ROLX DECX ADD IMM 2 2 IMM 2 INH 2 3 INH 2 3 INH 2 3 INH 2 3 3 3 BRSET3 REL 2 3 BTB 2 5 BSET3 ASR LSL ROL DEC IX1 1 6 IX1 1 6 IX1 1 6 IX1 1 6 BSC 2 5 BNE ASR LSL ROL DEC IX 5 1 IX 5 1 IX 5 1 IX 5 2 IMM 2 ROR TAX CLC SEC CLI INH 2 2 INH 2 2 INH 2 2 6 ROR 5 LDA IMM 2 2 LDA STA EOR ADC IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 IX2 2 5 IX1 1 5 IX 3 IX 4 3 BRCLR3 REL 2 3 BTB 2 5 BCLR3 EOR ADC ORA IMM 2 2 IMM 2 2 2 BSC 2 5 DIR 3 3 DIR 3 3 BEQ EOR ADC ORA ADD JMP 2 REL 2 3 STA EOR ADC IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 IX1 1 4 3 BRSET4 REL 2 3 REL 2 3 REL 3 BTB 2 5 BSET4 BSC 2 5 BHCC EOR ADC ORA ADD ORA EXT 3 4 IX 3 IX 3 IX 3 3 BRCLR4 BTB 2 5 BCLR4 BSC 2 5 BHCS 3 BRSET5 BTB 2 5 BSET5 BSC 2 5 BPL ORA ADD DIR 3 2 IX2 2 5 ORA ADD JMP EXT 3 3 IX1 1 4 3 BRCLR5 INC TST DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 1 IX 1 DIR 1 4 5 BTB 2 5 BCLR5 INCA TSTA STOP 1 2 2 INH 1 3 3 BSC 2 5 BMI INCX TSTX INH 2 3 3 ADD JMP IX2 2 4 IX 3 3 BRSET6 REL 2 3 BTB 2 5 BSET6 TST IX1 1 5 BSC 2 5 BMC TST IX 4 1 INC NOP INH 2 INH 2 6 INC 5 RSP INH 2 2 JMP BSR LDX 6 REL 2 2 IMM 2 IX1 1 3 DIR 3 5 EXT 3 6 IX2 2 7 IX1 1 6 JMP JSR LDX JSR DIR 3 3 IX 2 IX 5 3 BRCLR6 REL 2 3 REL 3 BTB 2 5 BCLR6 BSC 2 5 BMS JSR LDX EXT 3 4 JSR LDX IX2 2 5 JSR LDX IX1 1 4 3 Table 8-8 M68HC05 opcode map BRSET7 CLR DIR 1 INH 1 INH 2 IX1 1 IX 1 5 BTB 2 5 BSET7 CLRA 3 BSC 2 5 BIL CLRX 3 LDX TXA 2 INH 2 IX 3 3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CLR 6 CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET CLR 5 0 0000 1 0001 2 0010 3 0011 4 0100 5 0101 6 0110 7 0111 8 1000 9 1001 A 1010 B 1011 C 1100 D 1101 E 1110 F 1111 WAIT INH 2 INH 1 BRCLR7 REL 2 BTB 2 5 BCLR7 BSC 2 5 BIH STX DIR 3 4 DIR 3 STX EXT 3 5 EXT 3 STX IX2 2 6 IX2 2 STX IX1 1 5 IX1 1 STX IX 4 IX 3 BTB 2 BSC 2 Low 0 0000 1 0001 2 0010 3 0011 4 0100 5 0101 6 0110 7 0111 8 1000 9 1001 A 1010 B 1011 C 1100 D 1101 E 1110 F 1111 Abbreviations for address modes and registers Legend F 1111 Mnemonic 1 Opcode in hexadecimal Opcode in binary SUB Not implemented Bytes Cycles Address mode 3 IX BSC BTB DIR EXT INH IMM IX IX1 IX2 REL A X Indexed (no offset) Indexed, 1 byte (8-bit) offset Indexed, 2 byte (16-bit) offset Relative Accumulator Index register Bit set/clear Bit test and branch Direct Extended Inherent Immediate MC68HC05SR3 0 0000 TPG Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8.3 Addressing modes Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Ten different addressing modes provide programmers with the flexibility to optimize their code for all situations. The various indexed addressing modes make it possible to locate data tables, code conversion tables and scaling tables anywhere in the memory space. Short indexed accesses are single byte instructions; the longest instructions (three bytes) enable access to tables throughout memory. Short absolute (direct) and long absolute (extended) addressing are also included. One or two byte direct addressing instructions access all data bytes in most applications. Extended addressing permits jump instructions to reach all memory locations. The term `effective address' (EA) is used in describing the various addressing modes. The effective address is defined as the address from which the argument for an instruction is fetched or stored. The ten addressing modes of the processor are described below. Parentheses are used to indicate `contents of' the location or register referred to. For example, (PC) indicates the contents of the location pointed to by the PC (program counter). An arrow indicates `is replaced by' and a colon indicates concatenation of two bytes. For additional details and graphical illustrations, refer to the M6805 HMOS/M146805 CMOS Family Microcomputer/ Microprocessor User's Manual or to the M68HC05 Applications Guide. 8.3.1 Inherent In the inherent addressing mode, all the information necessary to execute the instruction is contained in the opcode. Operations specifying only the index register or accumulator, as well as the control instruction, with no other arguments are included in this mode. These instructions are one byte long. 8 8.3.2 Immediate In the immediate addressing mode, the operand is contained in the byte immediately following the opcode. The immediate addressing mode is used to access constants that do not change during program execution (e.g. a constant used to initialize a loop counter). EA = PC+1; PC PC+2 8.3.3 Direct In the direct addressing mode, the effective address of the argument is contained in a single byte following the opcode byte. Direct addressing allows the user to directly address the lowest 256 bytes in memory with a single two-byte instruction. EA = (PC+1); PC PC+2 Address bus high 0; Address bus low (PC+1) TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-11 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8.3.4 Extended In the extended addressing mode, the effective address of the argument is contained in the two bytes following the opcode byte. Instructions with extended addressing mode are capable of referencing arguments anywhere in memory with a single three-byte instruction. When using the Motorola assembler, the user need not specify whether an instruction uses direct or extended addressing. The assembler automatically selects the short form of the instruction. EA = (PC+1):(PC+2); PC PC+3 Address bus high (PC+1); Address bus low (PC+2) Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.3.5 Indexed, no offset In the indexed, no offset addressing mode, the effective address of the argument is contained in the 8-bit index register. This addressing mode can access the first 256 memory locations. These instructions are only one byte long. This mode is often used to move a pointer through a table or to hold the address of a frequently referenced RAM or I/O location. EA = X; PC PC+1 Address bus high 0; Address bus low X 8 8.3.6 Indexed, 8-bit offset In the indexed, 8-bit offset addressing mode, the effective address is the sum of the contents of the unsigned 8-bit index register and the unsigned byte following the opcode. Therefore the operand can be located anywhere within the lowest 511 memory locations. This addressing mode is useful for selecting the mth element in an n element table. EA = X+(PC+1); PC PC+2 Address bus high K; Address bus low X+(PC+1) where K = the carry from the addition of X and (PC+1) 8.3.7 Indexed, 16-bit offset In the indexed, 16-bit offset addressing mode, the effective address is the sum of the contents of the unsigned 8-bit index register and the two unsigned bytes following the opcode. This address mode can be used in a manner similar to indexed, 8-bit offset except that this three-byte instruction allows tables to be anywhere in memory. As with direct and extended addressing, the Motorola assembler determines the shortest form of indexed addressing. EA = X+[(PC+1):(PC+2)]; PC PC+3 Address bus high (PC+1)+K; Address bus low X+(PC+2) where K = the carry from the addition of X and (PC+2) TPG MOTOROLA 8-12 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 8.3.8 Relative The relative addressing mode is only used in branch instructions. In relative addressing, the contents of the 8-bit signed byte (the offset) following the opcode are added to the PC if, and only if, the branch conditions are true. Otherwise, control proceeds to the next instruction. The span of relative addressing is from -126 to +129 from the opcode address. The programmer need not calculate the offset when using the Motorola assembler, since it calculates the proper offset and checks to see that it is within the span of the branch. EA = PC+2+(PC+1); PC EA if branch taken; otherwise EA = PC PC+2 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8.3.9 Bit set/clear In the bit set/clear addressing mode, the bit to be set or cleared is part of the opcode. The byte following the opcode specifies the address of the byte in which the specified bit is to be set or cleared. Any read/write bit in the first 256 locations of memory, including I/O, can be selectively set or cleared with a single two-byte instruction. EA = (PC+1); PC PC+2 Address bus high 0; Address bus low (PC+1) 8.3.10 Bit test and branch 8 The bit test and branch addressing mode is a combination of direct addressing and relative addressing. The bit to be tested and its condition (set or clear) is included in the opcode. The address of the byte to be tested is in the single byte immediately following the opcode byte (EA1). The signed relative 8-bit offset in the third byte (EA2) is added to the PC if the specified bit is set or cleared in the specified memory location. This single three-byte instruction allows the program to branch based on the condition of any readable bit in the first 256 locations of memory. The span of branch is from -125 to +130 from the opcode address. The state of the tested bit is also transferred to the carry bit of the condition code register. EA1 = (PC+1); PC PC+2 Address bus high 0; Address bus low (PC+1) EA2 = PC+3+(PC+2); PC EA2 if branch taken; otherwise PC PC+3 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MOTOROLA 8-13 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 8 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY TPG MOTOROLA 8-14 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 9 LOW POWER MODES The MC68HC05SR3 has three low-power operating modes. The WAIT and STOP instructions provide two modes that reduce the power required for the MCU by stopping various internal clocks and/or the on-chip oscillator. The flow of the STOP and WAIT modes is shown in Figure 9-1. The third low-power operating mode is the SLOW mode. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 9.1 STOP Mode Execution of the STOP instruction places the MCU in its lowest power consumption mode. In the STOP mode the internal oscillator is turned off, halting all internal processing. When the CPU enters STOP mode the I-bit in the Condition Code Register is cleared automatically, so that any hardware interrupts (IRQ, IRQ2 and KBI) can "wake" the MCU. All other registers and memory contents remain unaltered. All input/output lines remain unchanged. The MCU can be brought out of the STOP mode only by a hardware interrupt or an externally generated reset. When exiting the STOP mode the internal oscillator will resume after a pre-defined number of internal processor clock cycles, due to oscillator stabilization. 9 9.2 WAIT Mode The WAIT instruction places the MCU in a low-power mode, but consumes more power than the STOP mode. In the WAIT mode the internal processor clock is halted, suspending all processor and internal bus activities. Other Internal clocks remain active, permitting interrupts to be generated from the Timer. The Timer may be used to generate a periodic exit from the WAIT mode or, in conjunction with the external Timer pin, on the occurrence of external events. Execution of the WAIT instruction automatically clears the I-bit in the Condition Code Register, so that any hardware interrupt can "wake" the MCU. All other registers, memory, and input/output lines remain in their previous states. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com LOW POWER MODES MOTOROLA 9-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. STOP WAIT Stop External Oscillator, Stop Internal Timer Clock, and Reset Start-Up Delay External Oscillator Active, and Internal Timer Clock Active Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Stop Internal Processor Clock, Clear I-Bit in CCR Stop Internal Processor Clock, Clear I-Bit in CCR External RESET? N Y Y External RESET? N N External Hardware Interrupt? Y Reset External Oscillator, and Stabilization Delay Y External Hardware Interrupt? N 9 N End of Start-Up Delay? Y Y Timer Interrupt? N Restart Internal Processor Clock Y Keyboard Interrupt? N Fetch Reset Vector or Service Interrupt (a) Stack (b) Set I-Bit (c) Vector to Interrupt Routine Figure 9-1 STOP and WAIT Mode Flowcharts TPG MOTOROLA 9-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com LOW POWER MODES MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 9.3 SLOW Mode The SLOW mode function is controlled by the SM bit in the Miscellaneous Control Register. When the SM bit is set, the internal bus clock is divided by 16, resulting to a frequency equal to the oscillator frequency divide by 32. This feature permits a slow down of all the internal operations and thus reduces power consumption -- particularly useful while in WAIT mode. The SM bit is automatically cleared while going to STOP mode. Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 SM -- Slow Mode 1 (set) - Slow mode enabled. Internal bus frequency fOP =fOSC / 32. Slow mode disabled. Internal bus frequency fOP =fOSC / 2. 0 (clear) - 9.4 Data-Retention Mode If the Low Voltage Reset function is not enabled, the contents of RAM and CPU registers are retained at supply voltages as low as 2Vdc. This is called the data-retention mode where the data is held, but the device is not guaranteed to operate. The RESET pin must be held low during data-retention mode. The Low Voltage Reset Function is enabled/disabled by the LVRE bit in the Miscellaneous Control Register ($0C). Address bit 7 Miscellaneous Control Register $0C KBIE bit 6 KBIC bit 5 INTO bit 4 INTE bit 3 LVRE bit 2 SM bit 1 bit 0 State on reset 9 IRQ2F IRQ2E 0001 0000 LVRE -- Low Voltage Reset Enable 1 (set) - Low Voltage Reset function enabled. Low Voltage Reset function disabled. 0 (clear) - TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com LOW POWER MODES MOTOROLA 9-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 9 TPG MOTOROLA 9-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com LOW POWER MODES MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 10 OPERATING MODES The MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 has two modes of operation: the User Mode and the Self-Check/Bootstrap Mode. Table 10-1 shows the conditions required for entering the two operating modes. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Table 10-1 Mode Selection RESET 5V VPP VSS to VDD VTST PB1 VSS to VDD VDD MODE USER SELF-CHECK/BOOTSTRAP VTST =2xVDD 10.1 User Mode The normal operating mode of the MC68HC05SR3/MC68HC705SR3 is the User mode. This mode is entered on the rising edge of RESET when the VPP and PB1 pins are between VSS and VDD. 10 10.2 Self-Check Mode The Self-check mode is provided on the MC68HC05SR3 for the user to check device functions with an on-chip self-check program masked at location $1F00 to $1FEF under minimum hardware support. The self-check schematic is shown in Figure 10-1. Self-check mode is entered on the rising edge of RESET when the VPP pin is at VTST (2xVDD) and PB1 pin is at VDD. Once in the self-check mode, PB1 can then be used for other purposes. After entering the self-check mode, CPU branches to the self-check program and carries out the self-check. Self-check is a repetitive test, i.e. if all parts are checked to be good, the CPU will repeat the self-check again. Therefore, the LEDs attached to Port A will be flashing if the device is good; else the combination of LEDs' on-off pattern can show what part of the device is suspected to be bad. Table 10-2 lists the LEDs' on-off patterns and their corresponding indications. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com OPERATING MODES MOTOROLA 10-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. MC68HC05SR3 PA0 PA1 PA2 PA3 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 PD0/AN0 PD1/AN1 PD2/AN2 PD3/AN3 PD4/VRL PD5/VRH PD6/IRQ2 PD7 RESET 1F + +5V PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PC4 PC5 PC6 PC7 IRQ TIMER Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... OUT Crystal OSC +5V 4MHz OSC1 OSC2 4K7 RESET 10K +5V 330 D1 PB0 PB4 330 D2 PB1 PB5 330 D3 PB2 PB6 330 D4 PB3 PB7 10 VPP VPP VDD VSS 0.1F +5V + 47F Figure 10-1 MC68HC05SR3 Self-Check Circuit TPG MOTOROLA 10-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com OPERATING MODES MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 10-2 Self-Check Report D3 D2 Flashing 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1=LED on, 0=LED off D4 D1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 REMARKS O.K. (self-check is on-going) Bad port A Bad port B Bad port C Bad port D Bad RAM Bad ROM Bad SWI Bad IRQ Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 10.3 Bootstrap Mode The Bootstrap mode is provided in the EPROM part (MC68HC705SR3) as a mean of self-programming its EPROM with minimal circuitry. Bootstrap mode will be entered on the rising edge of RESET when the VPP pin is at VTST (2xVDD) and PB1 pin is at VDD. Once in the bootstrap mode, PB1 can then be used for other purposes. After entering the bootstrap mode, CPU branches to the bootstrap program and carries out the EPROM programming routine. The user EPROM consists of 3840 bytes, from location $1000 to $1EFF. Refer to Appendix A for further details on MC68HC705SR3. 10 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com OPERATING MODES MOTOROLA 10-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 10 TPG MOTOROLA 10-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com OPERATING MODES MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 11 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS This section contains the electrical specifications for MC68HC05SR3. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 11.1 Maximum Ratings (Voltages referenced to VSS) RATINGS Supply Voltage Input Voltage VPP Pin Current Drain per pin excluding VDD and VSS Operating Temperature Standard Extended Storage Temperature Range SYMBOL VDD VIN VIN ID TA TSTG VALUE -0.3 to +7.0 VSS -0.3 to VDD +0.3 VSS -0.3 to 2xVDD +0.3 25 TL to TH 0 to +70 -40 to +85 -65 to +150 UNIT V V V mA C C This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields. However, it is advised that normal precautions should be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than the maximum rated voltages to this high impedance circuit. For proper operation it is recommended that Vin and Vout be constrained to the range VSS (Vin or Vout)VDD. Reliability of operation is enhanced if unused inputs are connected to an appropriate logic voltage level (e.g. either VSS or VDD). 11 11.2 Thermal Characteristics CHARACTERISTICS Thermal resistance DIP SOIC QFP SYMBOL JA JA JA VALUE 60 60 60 UNIT C/W C/W C/W TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MOTOROLA 11-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 11.3 DC Electrical Characteristics Table 11-1 DC Electrical Characteristics for 5V Operation (VDD =5.0Vdc 10%, VSS =0Vdc, temperature range=0 to 70C) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL MINIMUM Output voltage ILOAD = -10A VOH VDD-0.1 ILOAD = +10A VOL -- Output high voltage (ILOAD=-0.8mA) VOH VDD-0.8 All Ports Output low voltage (ILOAD=+1.6mA) VOL -- All Ports Output high current (VOL=2.5V) All ports IOH 10 (VOL=3.0V) PB5-PB7 in low-current mode IOH 2 Output low current (VOL=2.5V) All ports IOL 10 (VOL=3.0V) PB5-PB7 in low-current mode IOL 2 Total I/O port current IPORT -- Either source or sink Input high voltage VIH 0.7xVDD PA0-PA7, PB0, PB1, IRQ, RESET, OSC1 Input low voltage VIL VSS PA0-PA7, PB0, PB1, IRQ, RESET, OSC1 Supply current: Run -- Wait -- IDD Stop 25C -- 0C to +70C (Standard) -- -40C to +85C (Extended) -- I/O ports high-Z leakage current -- IIL PA0-PA7, PB0-PB7, PC0-PC7, PD0-PD7 Input current IIN -- RESET, IRQ, OSC1 Capacitance Ports (as input or output) COUT -- RESET, IRQ, OSC1, OSC2 CIN -- Low voltage reset threshold VLVR 2.8 Pull-up resistor PA0-PA7, PB0-PB7, PC0-PC7, PD0-PD7 RPU 14 RESET, IRQ 85 TYPICAL -- -- -- 0.1 -- -- -- -- 100 -- -- 5.0 1.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 3.5 36 100 MAXIMUM -- 0.1 -- 0.4 -- -- -- -- -- VDD 0.2xVDD 7.0 2.5 20 30 40 10 1 12 8 4.2 50 176 UNIT V V V V mA mA mA mA mA V V mA mA A A A A A pF pF V K K Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 11 Notes: (1) All values shown reflect average measurements. (2) Typical values at midpoint of voltage range, 25C only. (3) Wait IDD: Only timer system active. (4) Wait, Stop IDD: All ports configured as inputs, VIL=0.2Vdc, VIH=VDD-0.2Vdc. (5) Run (operating) IDD, Wait IDD: Measured using external square wave clock source to OSC1 (fOSC =2.0MHz), all inputs 0.2Vdc from rail; no DC loads, less than 50pF on all outputs, CL=20pF on OSC2. (6) Stop IDD measured with OSC1=VSS. (7) Wait IDD is affected linearly by the OSC2 capacitance. TPG MOTOROLA 11-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 11-2 DC Electrical Characteristics for 3V Operation (VDD =3.0Vdc 10%, VSS =0Vdc, temperature range=0 to 70C) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL MINIMUM Output voltage ILOAD = -10A VOH VDD-0.1 ILOAD = +10A VOL -- Output high voltage (ILOAD=-0.8mA) VOH VDD-0.3 All Ports Output low voltage (ILOAD=+1.6mA) VOL -- All Ports Output high current (VOH=1.0V) All ports IOH 2.7 Output low current (VOL=2.0V) All ports IOL 3.0 Total I/O port current IPORT -- Either source or sink Input high voltage VIH 0.7xVDD PA0-PA7, PB0, PB1, IRQ, RESET, OSC1 Input low voltage VIL VSS PA0-PA7, PB0, PB1, IRQ, RESET, OSC1 Supply current: Run -- Wait -- IDD Stop 25C -- 0C to +70C (Standard) -- -40C to +85C (Extended) -- I/O ports high-Z leakage current -- IIL PA0-PA7, PB0-PB7, PC0-PC7, PD0-PD7 Input current IIN -- RESET, IRQ, OSC1 Capacitance Ports (as input or output) COUT -- RESET, IRQ, OSC1, OSC2 CIN -- Pull-up resistor PA0-PA7, PB0-PB7, PC0-PC7, PD0-PD7 RPU 14 RESET, IRQ 85 TYPICAL -- -- -- 0.1 3.5 4.0 100 -- -- 2.4 0.75 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 36 100 MAXIMUM -- 0.1 -- 0.3 4.7 5.2 -- VDD 0.2xVDD 3.5 1.5 20 30 40 10 1 12 8 50 176 UNIT V V V V mA mA mA V V mA mA A A A A A pF pF K K Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 11 Notes: (1) All values shown reflect average measurements. (2) Typical values at midpoint of voltage range, 25C only. (3) Wait IDD: Only timer system active. (4) Wait, Stop IDD: All ports configured as inputs, VIL=0.2Vdc, VIH=VDD-0.2Vdc. (5) Run (operating) IDD, Wait IDD: Measured using external square wave clock source to OSC1 (fOSC =2.0MHz), all inputs 0.2Vdc from rail; no DC loads, less than 50pF on all outputs, CL=20pF on OSC2. (6) Stop IDD measured with OSC1=VSS. (7) Wait IDD is affected linearly by the OSC2 capacitance. TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MOTOROLA 11-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 11.4 ADC Electrical Characteristics Table 11-3 ADC Electrical Characteristics for 5V and 3V Operation CHARACTERISTICS Resolution Absolute accuracy Conversion range Power-up time VRH VRL Conversion time Monotonicity Zero-input reading Full-scale reading Sample acquisition time Input capacitance Input leakage Notes: (1) Error includes quantization. ADC accuracy may decrease proportionately as VDD is reduced below 3.0V. (2) Source impedances greater than 10K adversely affect internal RC charging time during input sampling. (3) The external system error caused by input leakage current is approximately equal to the product of R source and input current. PARAMETER Number of bits resolved by the ADC Difference between the actual input voltage and the full-scale equivalent of the binary code output code for all errors.(1) Analog input voltage range ADC power-up time delay, tADON Maximum analog reference voltage Minimum analog reference voltage Total time to perform a single analog to digital conversion (a) External clock (OSC1, OSC2) (b) Internal RC oscillator Conversion result never decreases with an increase in input voltage and has no missing codes Conversion result when VIN=VRL Conversion result when VIN=VRH Analog input acquisition sampling(2) (a) External clock (OSC1, OSC2) (b) Internal RC oscillator Input capacitance on AN0-AN3 Input leakage on ADC pins(3) AN0, AN1, AN2, AN3, VRL, VRH MINIMUM 8 -- -- VRL -- VRL VSS-0.1 -- -- MAXIMUM 8 1.5 (VDD =5V) 2 (VDD =3.3V) VRH 500 VDD+0.1 VRH 32 32 UNIT bits LSB LSB V s V V tCYC tCYC Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Inherent (within total error) 00 -- -- -- -- -- -- FF 12 12 8 400 hex hex tCYC s pF nA 11 TPG MOTOROLA 11-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 11.5 Control Timing Table 11-4 Control Timing for 5V Operation (VDD =5.0Vdc 10%, VSS =0Vdc, temperature range=0 to 70C) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL Frequency of operation RC oscillator Option fOSC Crystal option External clock option Internal operating frequency (fOSC/2) RC oscillator fOP Crystal External clock Processor cycle time (1/fOP) tCYC RC oscillator stabilization time tRCON Crystal oscillator start-up time (crystal oscillator) tOXOV Stop recovery start-up time (crystal oscillator) tILCH RESET pulse width low tRL Timer resolution(2) tRESL Interrupt pulse width low (edge-triggered) tILIH Interrupt pulse period tILIL PA0-PA7 interrupt pulse width high (edge-triggered) tIHIL PA0-PA7 interrupt pulse period tIHIH OSC1 pulse width t RC oscillator frequency combined stability(4) fOSC fOSC=2.0MHz, VDD=5.0Vdc10%, tA=-40C to +85C fOSC fOSC=2.0MHz, VDD=5.0Vdc10%, tA=0C to +40C MINIMUM 0.1 0.1 dc -- -- dc 500 -- -- -- 1.5 See note (2) 125 See note (3) 125 See note (3) 90 - - MAXIMUM 4.0 4.0 4.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 -- 1 100 100 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 25 15 UNIT MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz ns ms ms ms tCYC tCYC ns tCYC ns tCYC ns % % Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Notes: (1) VDD=5.0Vdc10%, VSS=0Vdc, tA=tL to tH (2) The TIMER input pin is the limiting factor in determining timer resolution. (3) The minimum period tILIL or tIHIH should not be less than the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 19 tCYC. (4) Effects of processing, temperature, and supply voltage (excluding tolerances of external R and C). 11 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MOTOROLA 11-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Table 11-5 Control Timing for 3V Operation (VDD =3.0Vdc 10%, VSS =0Vdc, temperature range=0 to 70C) CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL Frequency of operation RC oscillator Option fOSC Crystal option External clock option Internal operating frequency (fOSC/2) RC oscillator fOP Crystal External clock Processor cycle time (1/fOP) tCYC RC oscillator stabilization time tRCON Crystal oscillator start-up time (crystal oscillator) tOXOV Stop recovery start-up time (crystal oscillator) tILCH RESET pulse width low tRL Timer resolution(2) tRESL Interrupt pulse width low (edge-triggered) tILIH Interrupt pulse period tILIL PA0-PA7 interrupt pulse width high (edge-triggered) tIHIL PA0-PA7 interrupt pulse period tIHIH OSC1 pulse width t RC oscillator frequency combined stability(4) fOSC fOSC=2.0MHz, VDD=3.0Vdc10%, tA=-40C to +85C fOSC fOSC=2.0MHz, VDD=3.0Vdc10%, tA=0C to +40C MINIMUM 0.1 0.1 dc -- -- dc 1000 -- -- -- 1.5 See note (2) 250 See note (3) 250 See note (3) 180 -- -- MAXIMUM 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 -- 2 200 200 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 35 20 UNIT MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz ns ms ms ms tCYC tCYC ns tCYC ns tCYC ns % % Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... Notes: (1) VDD=3.0Vdc10%, VSS=0Vdc, tA=tL to tH (2) The TIMER input pin is the limiting factor in determining timer resolution. (3) The minimum period tILIL or tIHIH should not be less than the number of cycles it takes to execute the interrupt service routine plus 19 tCYC. (4) Effects of processing, temperature, and supply voltage (excluding tolerances of external R and C). 11 TPG MOTOROLA 11-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 12 MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS This section provides the mechanical dimensions for the 40-pin DIP, 42-pin SDIP and 44-pin QFP packages for the MC68HC05SR3. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 12 TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MOTOROLA 12-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 12.1 40-Pin DIP Package (Case 711-03) 40 21 B 1 20 NOTES: 1. POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D), SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 mm (0.010) AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 51.69 52.45 13.72 14.22 3.94 5.08 0.36 0.56 1.02 1.52 2.54 BSC 1.65 2.16 0.20 0.38 2.92 3.43 15.24 BSC 0 15 0.51 1.02 INCHES MIN MAX 2.035 2.065 0.540 0.560 0.155 0.200 0.014 0.022 0.040 0.060 0.100 BSC 0.065 0.085 0.008 0.015 0.115 0.135 0.600 BSC 0 15 0.020 0.040 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A N C L J H G F D K SEATING PLANE M Figure 12-1 40-pin DIP Package 12.2 42-Pin SDIP Package (Case 858-01) -A42 22 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEAD WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 4. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MAXIMUM MOLD FLASH 0.25 (0.010). -B1 21 L C H -TSEATING PLANE F D 42 PL 0.25 (0.010) M G TA S N K J 42 PL 0.25 (0.010) M M TB S 12 DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N INCHES MIN MAX 1.435 1.465 0.540 0.560 0.155 0.200 0.014 0.022 0.032 0.046 0.070 BSC 0.300 BSC 0.008 0.015 0.115 0.135 0.600 BSC 0 15 0.020 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 36.45 37.21 13.72 14.22 5.08 3.94 0.56 0.36 1.17 0.81 1.778 BSC 7.62 BSC 0.38 0.20 3.43 2.92 15.24 BSC 15 0 1.02 0.51 Figure 12-2 42-pin SDIP Package TPG MOTOROLA 12-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 12.3 44-pin QFP Package (Case 824A-01) L 33 34 23 22 S S D Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... D B -A,B,DB S 0.20 (0.008) M C A-B 0.05 (0.002) A-B -AL -BB V DETAIL A 44 1 11 12 0.20 (0.008) M H A-B S DETAIL A F -DA 0.20 (0.008) M C A-B 0.05 (0.002) A-B S 0.20 (0.008) M H A-B BASE METAL S D S J S N D D S M DETAIL C DATUM PLANE 0.20 (0.008) M C A-B S D S SECTION B-B CE -CSEATING PLANE -HH 0.01 (0.004) G M M NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER. 3. DATUM PLANE H IS LOCATED AT BOTTOM OF LEAD AND IS COINCIDENT WITH THE LEAD WHERE THE LEAD EXITS THE PLASTIC BODY AT THE BOTTOM OF THE PARTING LINE. 4. DATUMS A , B AND D TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H . 5. DIMENSIONS S AND V TO BE DETERMINED AT SEATING PLANE C . 6. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE PROTRUSION IS 0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS A AND B DO INCLUDE MOLD MISMATCH AND ARE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H . 7. DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL IN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OR THE FOOT. DIM A B C D E F G H J K L M N Q R S T U V W X MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 9.90 10.10 9.90 10.10 2.45 2.10 0.45 0.30 2.10 2.00 0.40 0.30 0.80 BSC 0.25 0.23 0.13 0.95 0.65 8.00 REF 10 5 0.17 0.13 7 0 0.30 0.13 12.95 13.45 0.13 0 12.95 13.45 0.40 1.6 REF INCHES MIN MAX 0.390 0.398 0.390 0.398 0.083 0.096 0.012 0.018 0.079 0.083 0.012 0.016 0.031 BSC 0.010 0.005 0.009 0.026 0.037 0.315 REF 10 5 0.005 0.007 7 0 0.005 0.012 0.510 0.530 0.005 0 0.510 0.530 0.016 0.063 REF T DATUM PLANE -H- R K W X DETAIL C Q 12 Figure 12-3 44-pin QFP Package TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MOTOROLA 12-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY 12 TPG MOTOROLA 12-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. A MC68HC705SR3 This appendix summarizes the differences between the MC68HC05SR3 and MC68HC705SR3. The same information can also be found in appropriate sections of the book. The MC68HC705SR3 is an EPROM version of the MC68HC05SR3. The 3840 bytes of user ROM in the MC68HC05SR3 are replaced by 3840 bytes of user EPROM. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A.1 * * * * Features Functionally equivalent to MC68HC05SR3 3840 bytes of user EPROM EPROM bootstrap mode replaces Self-Check mode on the MC68HC05SR3 Available in the following packages: OTP 40-pin PDIP, windowed EPROM 40-pin Ceramic DIP, OTP 42-pin SDIP, and 44-pin QFP A TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MOTOROLA A-1 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. A.2 Modes of Operation The MC68HC705SR3 has two modes of operation - user mode and EPROM bootstrap mode. Table A-1 shows the conditions required to enter each mode on the rising edge of RESET. Table A-1 MC68HC705SR3 Operating Mode Entry Conditions RESET 5V Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... VPP VSS to VDD VTST PB1 VSS to VDD VDD MODE USER BOOTSTRAP VTST =2xVDD A.3 User Mode The normal operating mode of the MC68HC705SR3 is the user mode. User mode will be entered on the rising edge of RESET when the VPP and PB1 pins are between VSS and VDD. Warning: In the MC68HC705SR3, all vectors are fetched from EPROM in user mode; therefore, the EPROM must be programmed (via the bootstrap mode) before the device is powered up in user mode. A.4 Bootstrap Mode The bootstrap mode is provided as a mean of self-programming MC68HC705SR3 EPROM with minimal circuitry, and can only run in the crystal oscillator mode. Bootstrap mode will be entered on the rising edge of RESET when the VPP pin is at VTST (2xVDD) and PB1 pin is at VDD. Once in the bootstrap mode, PB1 can then be used for other purposes. After entering the bootstrap mode, CPU branches to the bootstrap program and carries out the EPROM programming routine. The user EPROM consists of 3840 bytes, from location $1000 to $1EFF. This program handles copying of user code from an external EPROM into the on-chip EPROM. The bootstrap function does not have to be done from an external EPROM, but it may be done from a host. A The user code must be a one-to-one correspondence with the internal EPROM addresses. TPG MOTOROLA A-2 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. A.4.1 EPROM Programming Programming boards are available from Motorola for programming the on-chip EPROM. Please contact your Motorola Representative. The Programming Control register (PCR) is provided for EPROM programming. The function of the EPROM depends on the device operating mode. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A.4.2 Program Control Register (PCR) Address $0D bit 7 bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 ELAT bit 0 PGM State on reset ---- --00 RESERVED ELAT - EPROM Latch Control 1 (set) - EPROM address and data bus configured for programming (writes to EPROM cause address data to be latched). EPROM is in programming mode and cannot be read if ELATA is 1. This bit should not be set unless a programming voltage is applied to the VPP pin. EPROM address and data bus configured for normal reads. 0 (clear) - PGM - EPROM Program Command 1 (set) - Programming power connected to the EPROM array. If ELAT 1 then PGM = 0. Programming power disconnected from the EPROM array. 0 (clear) - A.4.3 EPROM Programming Sequence Programming the EPROM of the MC68HC705SR3 is as follows: 1) Set the ELAT bit. 2) Write the data to be programmed to the address to be programmed. 3) Set the PGM bit. 4) Delay for 1ms. 5) Clear the PGM and the ELAT bits. The last action may be carried out in a single CPU write operation. It is important to remember that an external programming voltage must be applied to the VPP pin while programming, but should be equal to VDD during normal operation. Example shows address $1900 is programmed with $00. A TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MOTOROLA A-3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. CLR LDX BSET LDA STA BSET JSR CLR PCR #$00 1,PCR #$00 $1900,X 0,PCR DELAY PCR ;reset PCR ;load index register with 00 ;set ELAT bit ;load data=00 in to A ;latch data and address ;program ;call delay subroutine for 1ms ;reset PCR Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... A.5 Mask Option Register (MOR) The Mask Option Register (MOR) contains programmable EPROM bits to control mask options, and cannot be changed in User mode. The erased state are zeros. This register is latched upon reset going away. Address bit 7 Mask Option Register (MOR) $0FFF bit 6 bit 5 SMD bit 4 SEC bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 RC State on reset unaffected TMR2 TMR1 TMR0 SMD -- SLOW Mode at Power-on When programmed to "1", this bit enables SLOW mode at power-up. Operating frequency, fOP =fOSC /2/16=fOSC /32. SEC -- EPROM Security When programmed to "1", this bit disables some functions of the Bootstrap mode, preventing external reading of EPROM content. TMR2:TMR0 -- Power-on Reset Delay The amount Power-On Reset delay is set by programming these three bits. The delay is selected as follows: A TMR2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 TMR1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 TMR0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Delay (Instruction Cycles) 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32768 TPG MOTOROLA A-4 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. RC -- RC or Crystal Oscillator Option 1 (set) - Resistor option selected. Crystal option selected. 0 (clear) - A.6 Pin Assignments Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... See Section 2.3 for pin assignments for the available packages. A TPG MC68HC05SR3 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MOTOROLA A-5 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY A TPG MOTOROLA A-6 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com MC68HC705SR3 MC68HC05SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. GENERAL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTIONS INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MEMORY AND REGISTERS RESETS AND INTERRUPTS TIMER ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET LOW POWER MODES OPERATING MODES ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC705SR3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 A Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 GENERAL DESCRIPTION PIN DESCRIPTIONS INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS MEMORY AND REGISTERS RESETS AND INTERRUPTS TIMER ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER CPU CORE AND INSTRUCTION SET LOW POWER MODES OPERATING MODES ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS MC68HC705SR3 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 10 11 12 A TPG For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 For More Information On This Product, Go to: www.freescale.com Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 15 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc... 10 11 12 13 14 How to reach us: MFAX: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com - TOUCHTONE (602) 244-6609 INTERNET: http://Design-NET.com USA/EUROPE/Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1-800-441-2447 or 602-303-5454 JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi-SPD-JLDC, 6F Seibu-Butsuryu-Center, 3-14-2 Tatsumi Koto-Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03-81-3521-8315 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852-26629298 15 !MOTOROLA Information On This Product, MC68HC05SR3D/H For More Go to: www.freescale.com |
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